Monday-
Work day
Tuesday-
Presentations start
Red River War
- 1874
- Northern Texas
- Campaign launched by the US Army
- Move Comanche, Cheyenne, Kiowa, and the Arapaho
- Ended the Indian way of life
- Claimed buffalo plains as their lands
- Move Indians out of Texas
- Move them to Indian Territory
- Only about 25 Indians died
- Killed more than a thousand horses
- Destroyed Indian winter food supply
- Last huge Indian ressitance
- Lowered Indian supplies
Battle of Wounded Knee (our group - notes on powerpoint)
Thursday-
Battle of Little Bighorn
- US Army (7th Regiment) vs. Crow and Shoshone Scouts
- Lakota Sioux
- Northern Cheyenne
- Arapaho trives
- near the Little Bighorn River in south central Montana Territory (Black Hills)
- Tension between the U.S. and Lakota when Custer was ordered to make an exploration of Black Hills inside the boundary of the Great Sioux Reservation
- Custer was to map area
- U.S. negotiated with Lakota to purchase Black Hills, but the offered price was rejected by the Lakota
- Fort Laramie Treaty
- agreement between US and the Oglala, Miniconjou, and Brule bands of Laokota people, Yanktonai Dakota, and Arapaho Nation
- Signed on April 29, 1868
- Guaranteed the Lakota ownership of Black Hills, and further land and hunting rights in SD, Wyoming, and Montana
- Rejected treaty in 1868
- 17 officers and 293 troopers killed or died of wounds (No US survivors)
- 136 Native Americans dead and 160 wounded
Battle of the Hundred Slain (Fetterman Massacre)
- Lakota, Cheyenne and Arapaho Indians and the soldiers of the US Army
- December 21, 1866
- Fort Phil Kearny, Wyoming
- Indians won
- Killed all 81 men under William J Fetterman command
- Indians set traps on the army
- Led them into the ambush
- Red Cloud (Indian leader)
- Leader of the Oglala Lakota
- Vowed to fight any white man that used the Bozeman trail
- Crazy Horse(Indian Leader)
- War leader of the Oglala Lakota
- Him and Red Cloud thought up the plan for the surprise ambush
- Led decoy party
- Colonel William Fetterman (US Leader)
- Commander of the US Army
- Army consisted of him and 80 men
- Led his men into a massacre by the Native Americans
- All his men and him were killed
- Casualties
- 81 US deaths
- Unknown Indian fatalities
Friday-
Chapter 5.2 Key Questions (cont.)
- What challenges did settlers/farmers face on the Great Plains?
- Railroad Prices and Debt
- Railroads charged farmers high prices due to lack of competition
- Many farmers mortgaged their farms to buy more seed and supplies
- Crop prices fell due to overproduction
- After the Civil War, the amount of money in circulation went down, so money became more valuable which made it harder to pay back debt
- Farmers wanted more money in circulation
- This would cause inflation which would be good for crop prices
- Railroad Prices and Debt
Chapter 5.3 Key Questions
- Describe what the Grange was and their purpose
- The Grange
- The National Grange of the Order of Patrons of Husbandry
- Organization that helped farmers
- Organization in the US that encourages families to work together to promote the social, economic and political well-being of farmers
- Started after the Civil War (1867) and is still around today
- Granger Laws
- Series of state laws passed in several Midwestern states - Minnesota, Iowa, Wisconsin, Illinois - in the late 1860s and early 1870s
- Designed to fight back agains railroad abuses
- Wanted railroads and grain elevators to charge fair prices
- Munn Illinois - 1877 - Supreme Court supported farmers
- Wabash v Illinois (1886) - Supreme Court supported the railroads
- The Grange
- Describe what the Interstate Commerce Act did
- Interstate Commerce Act - 1887
- Allowed the US Government to supervise railroads
- Required railroad rates to be "fair and just"
- Set up Interstate Commerce Commission to carry out law
- Failed to help farmers at first
- Interstate Commerce Act - 1887
- Describe who the Populists were and what they believed in
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