Monday: People who needed to finish the test were able, while those who are finished did forum posts. After the test was finished, we discussed politics.
Tuesday: Had our tests returned to us. Started taking notes on Ancient Rome
Wednesday: Talked about the election that took place and the events that are going on because of it
Thursday: Looked at the electoral maps and continued talking about the political views. Continued notes on Ancient Rome
Friday: Talked more about the backfire of the election. Continued notes on Ancient ROme
Notes:
Ancient Rome (500 BC - 500 AD--Ch. 6)
- The First Romans 1000 BC- 500 BC
- 1) Latins
- Built the original settlement at Rome on Palatine Hill
- This is where Romulus and Remus were found by the she-wolf
- 2) The Greeks- 750-600 BC
- Established colonies in southern Italy and Sicily
- Brought Greek ideas to Italy
- 3) The Etruscan's
- Came from northern Italy
- Skilled metalworkers and engineers
- Had a writing system with an alphabet that the Romans adopted
- Greatly influenced Roman architecture
- Introduced the arch
- Outside of Greece,one of the most advanced civilizations in Europe during this time
- Not much is known about them since there are no Etruscan history documents of literature
- 1) Latins
- The Early Republic 600-509 BC
- The Etruscan's were the group that helped Rome grow into a large city
- Under the Etruscan's, Rome was ruled by a king until 509 BC
- King Tarquin the Proud was a tyrant and was overthrown by Brutus, the founder of the Rome Republic
- Set up after King Tarquin was overthrown in 509 BC
- What is a republic?
- A form of government in which power rests with the citizens who have a right to vote for their leaders
- Citizens were free-born males only
- SPQR- Senatus Populuque Romanus
- "The Senate and People of Rome"
- Patricians and Plebeians
- Patricians- were wealthy landowners who had most of the power
- Believed that their ancestry gave them power to make laws
- Plebeians- were farmers, artisans, and merchants that made up most of the population
- Were Roman citizens with the right to vote
- Could not hold most government jobs
- Eventually, Rome's leaders allowed plebeians to form their own assembly and elect representatives called tribunes
- Worked to protect the rights of plebeians
- Patricians- were wealthy landowners who had most of the power
- The Roman Republic- The Government
- Dictators- were chosen by the Consuls and elected by the Senate in times of crisis
- They had absolute power for six months to make laws and control the army
- The Twelve Tables
- In 451 BC, some officials starting writing down Rome's laws onto tablets
- These became the Twelve Tables and the basis for Roman law
- These Twelve tables were held in the Forum- their government building
- The Roman Republic- The Military
- The military was a very important part of making Rome into a major power
- All citizens who owned land were required to serve in the military
- Legions were made up of large(5,000) groups of infantry
- Legions were broken down into smaller(80) groups of men called a century
- A centurion led the century
- Each legion had a cavalry unit for support
- Roman Treatment of People Taken Over
- Areas right next Rome, such as the Latins, became full Roman citizens
- In other areas of Italy further away, groups became citizens, but could not vote
- In areas outside of Italy, groups became allies
- Groups were able to govern themselves but were expected to supply troops when needed and not make treaties with other groups
- This lenient policy allowed the Roman Empire to last a long time
- Rome Vs. Carthage-Punic Wars 264-146 BC
- The First Punic War was fought for control of Sicily and the western Mediterranean
- Lasted 23 years--254-241 BC
- Rome Won
- The 2nd Punic War was started by Carthage to get revenge from previous loss
- Second Punic War-218-202 BC
- Hannibal, a brilliant Carthaginian general, led a massive surprise attack on Rome
- Led a force of 50,000 infantry 9,000 cavalry, and 60 elephants up through Spain, France and into Italy crossing the Alps Mountain in to the process
- Lost nearly half of his men and most of his elephants before reaching the Romans
- For almost ten years, Hannibal marches his men up and down Italy
- Had a lot of victories, but ultimately lost when the Romans (Scipio) attacked Carthage, forcing Hannibal to return home
- Rome won
- Third Punic War-149-146 BC
- Rome went on the offensive and laid siege to Carthage
- The Romans burned the city and 50,000 people were sold into slavery
- With Carthage out of the picture, Rome would continue it's conquests in the upcoming decades
- The First Punic War was fought for control of Sicily and the western Mediterranean
Video Notes:
- 1st Punic War
- 1/5 of the male population of Rome died in
- Rome excelled in the navy compared to the Carthaginians
- 2nd Punic War
- Hamilcar defeated his own army and hired new mercenaries(upfront) to defeat his current ones
- Hannibal had to swear never to be a friend to Rome (Hamilcar's son)
- 3rd Punic War
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