Today we continued with more WWI notes:
Casualties:
117,000 in the United States
16.5 million worldwide
WW1 Part 3 The Peace Process:
- Be able to define what the Paris Peace Conference was
- Be able to describe Wilson's 14 Points
- Be able to describe the Treaty of Versailles in detail and the impact it had on Germany and Europe
- Be able to describe why the U.S. never ratified the Treaty of Versailles
The Paris Peace Conference:
- The meeting of the Allied victors following the end of WW1 to set the peace terms for Germany and other defeated nations, and to deal with the empires of the defeated powers following the Armistice of 1918
- It took place in Paris in 1919 and involved diplomates from more than 29 countries
- They came up with a series of treaties ("Peace of Paris Teaties that reshaped....
Wilson's 14 Points (Goals)
- An end to secret treaties
- Freedom of the seas
- Free trade for all countries
- Disarmament
- End to colonial claims
- Self-determination for all countries
- Restoration of Belgium
- Restoration of France
- Readjustment of Italy's boundaries
- Austria-Hungary would be given opportunity for autonomous development
- Romania, Serbia, and Montenegro should be evacuated and restored
- Turkey should be sovereign
- Poland would be given their independence
- The "League of Nations" would be developed (Worldwide peace-keeping organization)
The League of Nations took over German colonies around the world
(***Mainly know numbers 1-5 & 14***)
- The Fourteen Points was a speech delivered by President Woodrow Wilson to Congress on January 8, 1918
- The address was intended to assure the country that the Great War was being fought for a moral cause and for postwar peace in Europe
- Other Allied countries did not like the 14 Points as they thought it was too easy on Germany
- The speech became the basis for terms of the German surrender, as negotiated at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919
- The actual Treaty of Versailles had little to do with the Fourteen Points and so was never ratified by the U.S. Senate
Treaty of Versailles
Territorial:
- Gernany lost a lot of land after the war to France, Belgium, Denmark, and Czechoslovakia
Military:
- France wanted Germany to be punished
- Germany's army was reduced to 100,000 men and the army was not allowed to use tanks
- Germany was not allowed an airforce
- Germany was allowed only 6 capital naval ships and no submarines
- The west of the Rhineland and 50 kms east of the River Rhine was made into a demilitarized zone
- No German soldier or weapon was allowed into this zone
- The Allies were to keep an army of occupation on the west bank of the Rhine River for 15 years
Financial
- The loss of the vital industrial territory would be a severe blow to Germany's economy. Coal from the Saar and Upper Silesia in particular was a vital economic loss
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