March 9-13

[5Brenda]

Monday: Going over forum post and starting.. Japan

Tuesday:  Japan

Wednesday: Japan

Thursday: Gone

Friday: Japan test

---JAPAN---

• 1926- Emperor Tashio dies leaving his son Hirahito in command
• 1928- Jinan incident a conflict between China and Japan
• ^Japanese assassinate Chinese warlord
• 1929- Japan withdraws troops from China ending the Jinan incident
• 1930- Signs London Naval Treaty regulation submarine warfare
  • US Never invaded just left bombs

Battle Strategies

• China- they wanted more resources, for building planes, weapons, etc
• Pearl Harbor- to attack us and weaken us, so we wouldn't be as strong or not even be able TO go into the war
• Oceanic Islands- by Australia, they wanted more resources and being on the offensive, trying to keep us out
• Iwo Jima- Two small islands basically dug tunnels and fought to the last man and thing go well for them.
• Okinawa- Two small islands basically dug tunnels and fought to the last man and thing go well for them.

Washington Naval treaty

• 1922- Major powers signed it, saying keep a smaller naval size so events like WWI wouldn't happen again
• Signed by US, GB, Japan, France, and Italy

Major events

• Mukden Incident
• Japan staged false bombings to China's railroads then blaming it on china
• 1931- Invaded china over the the incident
• 1933- China leaves the league of nations
• 1934- Japan renounces the previous naval treaties
• Multiple incidents with the US over the years causing tension

Japanese War Goals

• Occupy south Asia, Oceania, and china and use slave labor to cultivate the areas resources for japan
• Japanese found themselves isolated after WWI, and struggled finding natural goods and supplies
• the land space was becoming increasingly cramped
• they sought to solve this problem through invasion and expansion into the southeast Asia and the oceanic territories (Indonesia)
• they thought that if they started taking territories the US would come in and intervene 

Allied with Italy and Germany

Casualties and Battles

• Camacazi method- for everyone of your men that died we would kill two of them
• Because of this they had way more casualties during there battles
• Battle of Okinawa 100 000 Japanese 150 000 civilians
• battle of Iwo Jima 22 000 solders, all but 216 (taken/captured) dead

Cost

• 4 000 000 000 in claims
• so they shipped a lot of goods and services to pay back some in exchange for money
• territory, assets, seized by allies over 3 000 000 000 worth

Hideki Tojo

• born in 1884
• Japanese prime minister during the war
• he was chosen as prim minister by the emperor in October 1941
• he was demoted in 1944 by the emperor
• executed as a war criminal, he was hung.

Hirohito

Home front

• Not well organized
• gov paid more attention to propaganda
• not enough mobilization of man power
• tried to identify of critical choke points , food supplies, logistics, air raid, shelter, and the evacuation or civilians form targeted cities.
• Millions died
• the american aerial bombing of a total of 65 Japanese cities took  a lot of civilians 500 000
• over 200 000 in Hiroshima and Nagasaki
• the battle of Okinawan resulted in 8000 to 150 000 civilian deaths alone
• health and living conditions worsen after the surrender in sep.
• most of the housing stock in large cities was destroyed
• gov implemented policies, which led to an increase in the marriage rate. but birth rates remained steady until they declined by 10% in the stress

Tokyo Rose

• Generic name given by allied troops
• English speaking female broadcasts of Japanese propaganda
• broadcasts were aimed at allied forces in the pacific, with the intent of wearing morale
• Iva toguri is the most famous linked name behind the Tokyo rose persona
• native to los Angeles and was stranded in japan because she was visiting her family when the war nuke out
• Wanted to make it seem like japan is the good and aimed towards America a lot
• And tried to make everyone think that they are see bad but them
• Battle strategies
• They joined with Germany and Italy because they felt they got nothing from he treaty of Versailles
• Took over many islands in the south pacific they had basic needs so japan could become and independent country and to rely on imported goods
• They signed a neutrality pact with the Ussr
• They signed many treaties with the axis powers to stay safe and started to protect themselves
• They attacked many islands

Major battles

• Pearl harbor- japan suffered few casualties
• Major Japanese leader thought it was a bad idea
• Iwo Jima- they dug tunnels to defend
• Hiroshima- directly killed 80 000 people and by the end of the year, injury and radiation brought the total number of deaths to 90 000- 166 000.
• Nagasaki- killed about 90 000 by the end
• Pacific islands- they stayed on the offensive for raw materials

Isoroku Yamamoto

• Man behind pearl harbor
• Attended Harvard
• Naval marshal general of japan
• Died when his plane was shot down by US

Kantaro Suzuki

• Admiral in the imperial Japanese navy
• Final leader of the imperial rule assistance association and 42 prime minister of japan and would have taken over of tojo
• Made Hirohito surrender

Nagumo

• Japanese admiral into the imperil Japanese navy
• One time commander of the kido butai
• He committed suicide during the battle

Why they lost

• Attacked pearl harbor
• Bringing America into the war
• Atomic bomb droppings
• Better weapons and vehicles
• They fought to the last man
• They weren’t important to the Germans

Impact

• All of the major cities were in ruins
• The atomic bomb ruined a lot of the area
• Economic turmoil
• Lack of resources

Bruns

Areas controlled by japan during WWII

• several regions in china French Indochina , (Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos ,Hong Kong, Thailand, British new guinea, Philippines, Guam, Dutch east indies, Portuguese Timor, Malaya, India islands, Singapore, UK, Brunei, north Borneo, waked island us, Christmas island Australia
• They took over a lot of areas
• Areas attacked but not conquered
• Air raids on Australia:
  • Broom, Darwin, Newcastle, Sydney
• British Columbia, Kohima and Manipur India, Columbia and trincomalee, droned, us
• Santa Barbara
• Pearl Harbor
• Midway atoll
• For Stevens

Japan in the 1920s

• Joined the League of Nations
• Signed the 4, 5, and 9 power packs
• Respect each others possessions, not try to take over each other’s lands, reduce naval size, and open door policy with china and guaranteed Chinese independence
• Signed the Kellogg- Briand pact
  • Outlaw wars to settle disputes

Then the great depression happened

Our trade with japan was cut off.

They start making the pacts, japan does

Japanese invasion of Manchuria

The League of Nations condemned the actions buy could not enforce its authority as it had no military force

The message sent to aggressive countries was that a major power could get away with force

The Japanese treated the Chinese terrible

Rape of Nanking

• Mass killing of Chinese people up to 300 000
• Mass raping of Chinese women and girls
• Mass looting and arson
• Some in japan have denied that the military killed civilians for no reason
• Still causes tension between that two countries today
• There were war crimes trial after the war to try Japanese soldiers for partition

Panay incident

• American gunboat attacked on river in China by Japan
• 3 US troops killed, 45 wounded
• Japan said it was and accident and apologized and paid US

Worsened us- Japaneses relationship

Pearl Harbor

• December 7 1941 
• Pearl harbor Hawaii territory
• Japanese major victory 
• declaration of war on japan
• germany and italy declare war on the us
• us declares war on germany and italy
• did the first two wave didnt even need to do the third and we went home

Why did japan attack pearl harbor?

• after japan invaded french us stopped trading with japan
• japan signed the soviet japan nuetrility pact in April
• japan realized they needed us rate to be successful i war
• only way to  force us had was to hit them hard in a surprise attack forcing them out o the war
• japan knew that this plan was a hug risk but thought it was the only way to defeat us
• plan backfired instead japan awoke a sleeping giant

know a date that will live in infamy

Other areas:

• honk Kong
• Guam
• Philippine
• wake island
• midway island

Pears notes when I was gone:

backdoor to war conspiracy- think us pushed japan in a corner forces japan to attack us. once japan attacked us so then us attacked with Germany first since japan won

December 8th 1941 last time declared war.. (congress declares war. )

Doolittle's Reid April 1942- Roosevelt says was to strike back on  japan and in japan. military guys saying we cant do this. ended up bombing them from aircraft most about revenge and good for people back at home kind of good gave scared feeling for japan for once

first turning point of japan battle of coral sea-first turning point in pacific by Australia. us won and victory for them against japan. airplane ship battle.

battle of midway June 1942 major turning point - us did a lot to Japanese. did so good us hit them before japan went for them. us won

couple months after.. fighting in sulavia islands at Guadalcanal we eventually won.  would hop some islands skip some and go to the big ones.

kamikazes strap tons of bombs and stuff to an airplane and go right into the ship

1944 slowly pushing japaneese back. lost from phillipines now taking them back trying to get back of the phillipies and we did