Weekly Blogs from 3/12-4/6

JAPAN

December 8th, 1941

President Roosevelt's war message

Douglas Macarthur

Major Generals in WWII
Roosevelt demanded that he quit

Bataan Death March

Outnumbered by Japanese
Bataan is a death mark
Prisoners(people from the phillopens) were sent here
Called because of the way people were killed
Killed you by shoot you, decapitat you, or other punishments
80% of people had malaria
People that survived had goals and that's how they got through it
Worst atrocity put on American Soldiers

Doolittle's Raid-April, 1942

James Doolittle was the general
We wanted to bomb tokyo after 5 month of pearl harbor
Mainly used aircraft carriers
Bombs were so heavy we needed to strip the planes
Military wasn't big on demoralizing, and moral of USA
By doing this brought up spirits of USA citizens
They attacked because of air bases

Battle of Coral Sea

By Australia
Important victory because we stopped Japan
Ended in stalemate(nobody really won)
More damage to Japanese
656 Americans killed-966 Japanese killed
Airplane battle
They attacked because of air bases

Battle of Midway - 1942

Biggest battle was this one
Island in Pacific
7 months after pearl harbor
They attacked because of air bases
Island Hopping through Pacific
We didn't hit every single island, but because we can cut off supplies to the smaller islands we didn't hit and we eventually take them over

Why did we do so well in the battle of the midway

We broke Japanese code, so we knew attacks were coming
We destroyed there aircrafts
They did some damage to us but they didn't hurt us as bad as we hurt them
Japan wasn't going to win after midway

Guadalcanal - August 1942

Couple months after midway
We won, but was a battle
Wisconsin Ducks were in WWII crafts, worked wonders
All islands were mini D day invasions
Enemies were dug in, sometimes Japan would fight to the death
Not surrendering made it very tough

Kamikazes

Suicide pilots
Nothing else in the world then working these guns
US struggled to ask our soldiers to do
Japan started to do this to try and turn tide of war
DIdnt work, but did a lot of damage

Quiz Questions

When was pearl harbor? Month day year - December 7th 1941
When did the US declare war on japan? 1941 December 8th
The last time US declared war was when? December 8th
Who was the US general when US was invaded? General Douglas Macarthur
After FDR what country did general Macarthur withdraw to? Australia
3 small island battles? Midway, doolittles, and coral sea
What did we do so well at Midway battle? Broke Japanese code
What is island hopping? Going islands hoping eventually taking over
What are kamikazes? Japan suicide pilots
What was bataan death march? Japan people taking Philippine people and torturing them

Battle of Leyte Gulf Philippines Oct 24, 1944

Bataan death march took place
Destroyed Japan's navy
US reclaimed Philippines

MacArthur's return to the Philippines

Wasn't happy how people filmed him coming on shore
Made the crew redew the film because it would go down in history

Iwo Jima Feb-March, 1945

Famous flag raising took place (2 flag raisings) now a statue
US bombarded island for a couple of days
Japan tricked us to thinking the island was ours
Japan hit US soldiers
Toughest battles US fought
US lost lots of people as well as Japan's people

Battle of Okinawa April-June 1945

1st island that was Japan's
Tough battle
US won

Summer 1945-Preparing for the invasion of Japan

Operation Downfall
Planned for October 1945
Estimated to have over 1 million casualties
Estimated to have 267,000 deaths
Why did it never take place? We had the atomic bombs and we saved US lived

The Manhattan Project 1939-1945

Codename for Atomic bomb
6 year long process
Scientists in charge of this didn't make any headway

Trinity Test - July 16th, 1945

General Grose was in charge
When we tested this bomb in Mexico, the general realized he was happy with his position
Said to the press that ammunition thing exploded
Super top secret
People working living on campus, so you couldn't tell anyone
Each worker just had a certain job
Everything said was in code
We were worried about Double Agents from the Soviet Union

Hiroshima Bombing

Little boy
Just fallens things
Did a lot of damage
Most of damage was done by fires, or like buildings fallings
Official place target was a bridge, bridge survived the bombing
Most things went well; however, the photographer plane got lost
Japan didn't surrender right away
Japan didn't surrender

Atomic shadow

Ground zero you would just disintegrate
Was so hot, burned peoples shadows into ground

Radiation Sickness

Impact of months and years
A cancer

Nagasaki Bombing

More powerful than Hiroshima bomb
“Fat man”
Bockscar
Most people died from burns
Court martialed because they went against order
Got saved by Japan because they surrendered

VJ Day

August 14-15, 1945 United Kingdom(Japan surrendered unofficially)
Victory in Japan day!
September 2nd, 1945 United States(Japan Officially surrendered)
War was completely over
Japan Officially signed USS Missouri

Potsdam Conference July 1945 (Japanese surrender deal)

July 26th, 1945 US, Britain, and China issued the potsdam declaration
Announced the terms from Japan’s surrender
“We will not deviate from them. There are no alternatives.”
Japan here's what we expect from you, before you surrender
Take apart current government of Japan (keep the emperor Hirohito)
Allies(US) will occupy Japan
Japan will only get three main islands(Honshu, Hokkaido, kyushu, shikoku) Japan will not get any islands they won in WWII
Japan's army will no longer be in use
War crime trials for the atrocities committed by Japan within WWII
Promoted: Democracy, freedom of speech, religion, and respect for fundamental human rights(Universal Declaration of Human rights-1948)
Kept Japan's industry to pay off war debts
World trade would be allowed in later time
Once Japan did everything above we would stop all the rules(1945-1952)

Italy 1919-1945

Benito Mussolini-IL Duce

“DUCE” means the leader
Grew up in a family where his dad was an atheist
His mom was very religious
Wsant as mean as other rulers

Italy after WWII

Italy very upset with Treaty of Versailles
Wanted to see more land than they got
Italy joined League of Nations and was a member since 1919 until they withdrew in 1937

Washington Naval Conference

5 Power pact

Signed by GB, US, Japan, France, and Italy
Prevented army's race
Limited construction of battleships, battlecruisers, and aircraft carriers
Did Not restrict cruisers, destroyers, and submarines

9 power pact

Open door policy in China
Signed by US, Japan, China, France, and GB, Italy, Belgium, Netherlands, and Portugal

Kellogg-Briand Pact

Countries pledged not to use war as a way to settle disputes
Good chunk of the world signed this
1939 this blew up in peoples faces

March on Rome October 1922

March by Benito Mussolini’s National Fascist Party
Mussolini and the Facisits won and took over Italy

King Victor Emmanuel

Didn’t fight Mussolini's takeover in Italy
Avoided civil war, and wanted to keep communism out of Italy
Saw Mussolini as a person that could do things

Mussolini and the catholic church

1929 Lateran Accords were signed

Vatican's received certains parts of Rome
Catholicism was Italy's State religion
Separation church of state stopped(one of the same)
Religious marriages recognised since 1870
Catholic church was given tons of $

What did mussolini get?

Tons of catholic supports from Catholic church

Established Fascism in Italy

Government led by strong dictator
Strong nationalism, militarism, and imperialism
Using intimidation for getting whatever they wanted
Thinking your better than other countries

Ethiopia invaded by Mussolini 1936

Lost Ethiopia colony in Africa at the 1896 Battle of Adwa
One of the worst colonial disasters of modern history
1935 Italy sent forces into Ethiopia

Italy/ethiopia Invasion

Nov.18th, 1935 League of the nations sanctions begin

Army's embargo, financial embargo, non-importation of italian goods

FEb29th, 1936, FDR signed the 1936 Neutrality Act

Mandatory arms embargo with warring nations
Mandatory ban on loans to warring nations

May 5th Italy 1936 occupied Addis Ababa annexed all Ehtipa on May 9th

Generalissimo Francisco Franco and the Spanish Civil war 1936

Hitler & Mussolini sent troops to help Fransco win civil war against the communists
War served as an important training ground for Hitler's and mussolini's troops

Rome-Berlin Axis 1936

Forming alliance between

3-12 Monday - Taking notes up above

3-13 Tuesday - Taking notes up above

3-14 Wednesday - Taking notes up above

3-15 Thursday - Taking notes up above

3-16 Friday - Watch movie

Treaty of Versailles

Every other country had very specific things they wanted
WWI change in the Europe map
Land taken away from Germany: West Prussia, Eupen and Malmedy, and lots more

Military

Germany's army reduced 100,000 in men
Germany not allowed tanks
Not allowed air force
Only allowed 6 capital naval ships and no submarines
Rhineland was made into a demilitarized zone (DMZ)

No german soldiers or weapon was allowed into tis zone
Allies were keeping an army occupation on the West bank of the RHine for 15 years

FInancial

Loss of territory was a severe blow to Germany's economy
Coal from Saar and Upper Silesia in particular
Germany had to pay $33 billion to the Allies (GB/France)

General

Germany had to admit full responsibility for starting the war
Germany was forbidden to unite with Austria
League of Nations was set up for world peace

German reaction to Treaty of Versailles

Anger throughout Germany when the terms were made public
Treaty forced them to sign it
Germany representatives knew they had no choice
Right wing groups such as Nazis believed in the Dolchstoss theory
Blamed “November Criminals” for accepting treaty

Vienna, Austria 1905-1913

Hitler failed to get into academy
Selling his paintings in the streets of Vienna
Failed examination to get into Austro-Hungary army in 1914
Germany accepted him when WWII broke out

3-19 Monday - WWII Movie reviews

3-20 Tuesday - Watch a WWII movie

3-21 Wednesday - Gone

3-22 Thursday - Notes

Monday

Hitler

Rise to power

Appointed chancellor 1933
Dissolves weimer republic after pres paul dies

Early actions

Drops out of league of nations
Starts rearming
Rearms the german rhineland area

Anschluss with Austria 1938

Takeover of austria
United germany and hitler into one nation
Austrians reaction- some accepted

Sudetenal Crisis 1938

“Re-unite german speaking ppl”

Munich Conference 19??

Neville Chamberlain: GB

“Peace for our time”

Hitler: Germany

Sudetenland given to him
Hitler given areas with german ppl that he wanted
Promised he was done taking territories
Became known as “Policy of Appeasement”

Mussolini: Italy
Daladier: France
Winston Churchill opposed appeasement

Czechoslovakia takeover

March 1939
All is taken over

Czech President Hacha meeting

March 1939
Begged hitler not to take his country
Saw as weakness, and he hates weakness
Hitler says he has to sign or he will invade the country
Hacha is afraid for his life and faints
Brought back and signs away his country

Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact

A pact of convenience
Russia gave raw materials exchange for money and weapons
Agreed to stay neutral

Basically agreed not to fight each other

Invade and split poland

Germany: western, russia: eastern

Russia would get Finland, Estonia, Latvia
Germany gets lithuania
World’s reaction:

Shick
Poland was stuck

Don’t want to fight a two sided war

Hitler thought it would force GB and france to back out of promise to help poland if attacked

German/USSR invasion of poland-blitzkrieg

Blitzkrieg:lightning

“Lightning War”

Came in with _,_,_

More of a scare

Tuesday

Blitzkrieg-lightning War video (surprise attack)

Air force attacked enemies front line and rear positions, main roads, airfields, and communication centers. Same time infantry attacks on entire frontline engages enemy
Tank(panzer) goes through main lines of denese and advance more into enemy's territory. Mechanized units followed with pursuits and engaged defenders preventing them from to attack back
Infantry attacks enemy in flanks in order to link up with other groups to complete the attack and eventually encircle the enemy
Goal was to achieve victory as soon as possible

Sitzkrieg-The phony war-winter 1939-1940

Britain and France declare war on Germany
Nothing happened
WWII was named the “phony war”
Everyone wondered if the war was over?
Waiting out the war

France’s “impenetrable” Maginot Line

Hitler invades pretty much all of western Europe in 3-4 months
Norway was more challenging due to the North sea
Germany couldn't defeat Britain's navy
France and Germany plans: attack through Belgium
France focused on defensive tactics
France built the “impenetrable” line: underground barrits, aircondition fortress (proved worthless in WWII)
Not near the sea
Trapped on both sides

Dunkirk Evacuated June 4th, 1940

War was terrible for France and British
France pushed back to Clay(between France and Britain)
Belgium pushed France back to beaches in Dunkirk
Couldn't get big military ships close enough to get people off the beach
Had the public use personal boats to get the people and then take them back to the bigger ships (british and Belgian forces helped)

Wednesday

Nazi Goals for battle of Britain

Destroy Royal Air force (didn't succeed)
Destroy British Navy
Attack British troop
Once air control was gained, the invasion if great britain would begun
Great Britain aided heavily by radar and Ultra

Operation sea lion

Code name for invasion on Great Britan
Invasion never happened

2-26 Monday - Gone for dentist(notes from someone else in class)

2-27 Tuesday - Taking notes

2-28 Wednesday - taking notes

Tuesday

Battle of Stalingrad: August 1942-February 1943

1,830,000 killed or wounded
11,400 casualties each day
Biggest defeat in history of German Army
Turning point on Eastern front, and turning point of WWII
Battle of Siege Leningrad: Germans cut Russians off from rest of world, Germans surrounded city to starve the city to submission, 642,000 people died within a month, and different kind of battle

North African Campaign: June, 1940-May, 1943

Push Germans out of Soviet Union
Ger:erwin Rommel- best German general, nickname was “Desert fox”
Germany went down to help out Italy

Operation Torch-Nov, 1942

May, 1943 Africa was free
Campaign shifted to islands in Mediterranean Sea and Italy

D-Day June 6th, 1944

11 months before Germany surrendered
Hitler took the bate

July 20th, 1944 Assassination Plot

Major claus von stauffenberg
Hitler was not going to surrender
Some Germans plotted to get rid of Hitler
Plan was unsuccessful
Hitler got rid of everyone because he didn't trust anyone

The liberation of Paris August 25th, 1944

Battle of the Bulge

Assuming Germans were going to surrender, but Germany came after us once he came back

US & Russian Soldier meet aa the ELbe River (in Germany)

Hitler Commits Suicide April 30th, 1945

He wanted to be burned

V-E Day May 8th, 1945

Germany surrenders-war ended in europe
Victory in Europe day

Thursday

What is Genocide? United Nations 1948

Acts committed to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial, or religious groups as:
Killing members of the group
Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group
DEliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated t o bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part
Imposing measures intended to prevent births within group
Forcibly transferring children of he group to another group
Member countries Must “undertake to prevent and punish”
Source-US holocaust Memorial Museum

What is Aryan Race?

Nazis used term to refer to a so-called master race that originated around Germany
Perfect Aryan was blonde, blue eyes, tall, and muscular

Who was inferred according to Hitler

Jews(6 million dead)
Gypsies(500,000 to 1.5 million)
Mentally/Physically handicapped people(75,000 to 250,000)
Soviets Slavs/POW’s/Troops-(16.5 million) poles (2.5 million dead)
Homosecuals (5-15 thousand dead)
Communists/socialists(many but number not confirmed)
Dark skinned people (death and forced sterilization)
Mixed races”The mutlatto children came about through rape or the white mother was a whore” Adolf Hitler
Jehovah’s Witness (2,500-5,000)

Lebensborn-Fount of life

Program aimed where these homes where woman would hook up with German men and have babies
The men would go back and the woman would take care of babies
This was not rape woman volunteered for this
This job provided welfare, and just really well taken care of

Hitler's Jewish Question 1933

What are we going to do with the jews
Hitler's final solution: Genocide
What did Hitler do with the Jews? (Before he started killing them.)

Nazis”temporarily” suspend civil liberties for all citizens in 1933 was never restored
Nazis set up camps. First inmates were 200 communists
Jews were prohibited from working as civil servants, doctors in the Nation health service, and teachers in public high schools
Most jewish students were banned from schools and colleges

Nuremberg Laws 1935

Took away German citizenship from Jews making Jews second class citizens by removing their basic rights
Defined the jewish race as being anyone who either considered themselves jewish or had three or four jewish grandparents
People with different race were mixed race
Eventually anyone with at least one jewish grandparent wa at risk in Germany
Jews couldn't marry
No sexuall relations

1936

Nazis boycott jewish-owned businesses

1938 Kristallnacht “Night of broken glass”

Bastis went around breaking Jewish neighborhoods breaking windows of businesses and homes, bring them to the ground
7,500 jewish business were destroyed

4-2 Monday - No school

4-3 Tuesday - Talk about forum pos, and taking notes

4-4 Wednesday - Gone and nothing in class due to jazz band

4-5 Thursday - Taking notes

fRIDAY - GONE

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