MONDAY-
Cold War
people have no say
Berlin Blockage/Airlift
-force the western allied poweres to abandon the post WWII
-Germany got split into 4 zones
-City of Berlin was also split but was in USSR territory
-US can either force way through blockade or airlift supplies ( we dropped food & supplies )
-USSR thought they should have the whole city so they block the city
-Soviets had to admit defeat
-kept life going in West Berlin for 11 months
-$224 million
Berlin wall up and down
-up during early years of the Cold War (divide Berlin)
-Western part was the loophole through the thousands of the eastern germans that fled to the west
-Communist East Germans built the wall to totally toook a lot of West Berlin
-built to keep people in
-people escaped (drive truck to it & jumped, jumped off building)
Bay of Pigs Invasion
-complete failure
-Castro overthrew Fulgencio Batista
-Castro went with Soviet Union
-US trained Cubans to go in and invade
-Many cubans fled
-CIA recruited cubans in exile
-Plan was to invade Chuba but they found out
-Went on but things got back
-Get rid of Castro
-Surrendered in less than a day
-Cubans didn't join in
-Coral Reefs unexpectially sunk our ships
Cuban Missile Criris
-13 day military and political standoff
-Spy plane saw missile assembly in Cuba
-JFK was informed
-US was being threatened
-Planned to put a blockade so the soviets couldn't send in equipment
-Brink of War
-US reconnaissance plane was shot down
-October 26, deal was made
-Khruschev would remove missiles from Cuba if we would not invade
-Closest we've ever been (hours away from invading)
-October 28, the Crisis ended
-Secretly US would remove missiles from Turkey
McCarthyism
-investigatons opened on communist
-got rid of communist
-had tv broadcast (snitched on communist)
-One of most powerful peope
-searched for communist using the TCIA
TUESDAY- presentations
Housse Un- American Activities Committee
-House of representative that investigated allegations communist
-Formed because of suspected communism after the great depression
-Went after Hollywood (communist films)
How the Cold War Came to an end?
-Mikhail Gorbachev came to power
-More freedom
-Perestrokia - freedom to vote
-Glasnost - freedom of speech
-Economy failing
-Berlin Wall
-Control Eastern Europe
-Soviet Union's War in Afghanistan
22nd Amendment
-limited the number of times a president can be elected to two terms
-President doesn't get too powerful
-A person who serves more than two years of a term that was started by a different president cannot be elected more than once
23rd Amendment
-Gave Washington DC electors in the Electoral College
-Weren't considered a state
24th Amendment
-expansion of voting rights
-poll tax removal
-poor and black people could vote
-got rid of Grandfather Clause
25th Amendment
-president removed = Vice President fills in
-New President appoints new Vice President
-President can termporarily give power
-Allows removal of President
26th Amendment
-lowered voting age to 18
27th Amendment
-delayed laws affecting the salaries of Congressmen until after the next election of representatives
Harry S. Truman
-Fair Deal - health insurance, minimum wage, expanded social security, equal rights by law
-CIA - daily newspaper to inform the president, national security act
Dwight D. Eisenhower
-Federal Highway Act 1956 - $30 billion for 41,000 miles of interstate highway, employed more than 10,000 workers, president Franklin D Roosevelt, built after Germany's Highways
WEDNESDAY- no school
THURSDAY-
John F. Kennedy
-Inauguration Speech 1960 - "ask not what your country can do for you - as what you can do for your country"\
-Peace Corps 1960- speech, young men and women serve in developing countries
-The New Frontier - space, soviet union launched first satelite, challenege to send someone to the moon
Lyndon B. Johnson
- The Great Society 1964- largest social reform plan in modern history, main goals end poverty, reduce crime, abolish inequality, improve the environment
-National Origins Quota Systems
-Immagration and NAturalization Act / Hart Cellear Act 1965 - new immigration policy, changed the immigrants entering the US
Richard Nixon
-Moon Landing July 20th 1969 -Neil Armstrong, Edwin Aldrin
-Environmental Protection Agency 1970 - 4 billion dollars, ensure environment protection, reduce automobile pollution, national air quality standards, end dumping of wastes into the great lakes
-War on Drugs 1971 - Increased federal funding for drug control agencies, strict measures, specail action office for drug abuse prevention, drug enforcement administration
-Equal Employment Opportunity Act 1972 - Gave the EEOC Authority to Sue in federal courts, descrimination based on race, religion, national origin
-Visit in Communist CHina 1972 - Meeting in Bejiing with the Leassrship of the people's republic of china, re-establish diplomatic relations between the U.S and PRC
-Emergency highway Energy Conservation Act 1974 - New Natinal Maximum Speed Limit -55 mph
General Ford
-Whip Inflation Now 1974 - Variety of Voluntary Anti-Inflationary Initiatives creadted by cititzens
-Pardon of Nixon 1974 - Watergate Scandal, Contribution to Ford's failure to win the president election of 1976
-Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975 - access to fair education
Jimmy Carter
-Department of Energy Organization Act of 1977- provided a plan for long term research and development of energy technology, marketing, energy conservation, data collection & analysis
-Camp David Accords 1978 - groundwork for a permanent Peace agreement, awarded El -Sadat and began a nobel peace prize
-Iran Hostage Crisis - decision to allow medical care for iran's deposed Shah, iranian students stormed US Embasssy
-Energy Crisis - oil prices jumped, higher cost, businesses laid off workers, inflation
Ronald Reagan
-Reagonimics - space shuttle explosion
-War on Drugs 1982
George H.W. Bush
-Americans with Disabilities Act - ramps/elevators
- Manuel Noriega (leader of Panama) takedown
Bill Clinton
-NAFTA- US/Canada/Mexico (trade)
-Brady Bill - background check before you could be a hand gun
-Assault weapons banned until 2003
George W. Bush
-Tax Cuts
-No child left behind
-Hurricane Katrina 2005
-Depression 2008-2011
-Emergency Economic Stabilization Act -giving out loans without background checks (bailed out banks)
Barack Obama
-American Recovery & Reinvestment Act
-Patient Protection & Affordable Core Act/Obama Care
Donald J. Trump
-Tax cuts
-Travel Ban - stop fleeing immigrants
-Judicial Appointments
-Individual Mandate Repeal
Watergate Scandal - major political scandal that occured in the US during the 70's following a 5 men at the democratic national committee, motel, 5 burgelers bug the phones and leave. Go back in and got caught. Money stashed in their pockets. Committee paid for the burgelers. Wanted to find dirt on the democrats.
-Constitutional Crisis
FRIDAY
Monica Lewinsky (Clinton)- sex scandal, 22 year old girl 1995-1997, charges of perjury and impeachment by the US House of Representatives
Irqan Contra- national security council became involved in secret weapons transactions and other activities that tiehter were prohibited by the US Congress or violated the stated public policy of the government
Obama's Birther (Trump) - tweets, trump said obama wasn't a US citizen, said he was born in Africa
2016 Trump an Russia Election - damage Hiliary Clinton presidential campaign by bolstering the candidacies of Donald Trump, Bernie Sanders, and Jill Stein. Russian government interfered in the 2016 election
JFK - assained November 22, 1963 - Dallas Texas, Lee Harvey Oswald, John Connally, Warren Commision, Jack Ruby killed Lee Harvey Oswald
Malcom (Little) X - Assained February 21, 1965, The Nation of Islam, Afro- American Unity
Martin Luther King Jr. - Assained April 4th, 1968, James Earl Ray, Civil Rights, Memphis, Tennessee
Bobby Kennedy - Assained June 5th, 1968, Palestinian Sirhan, Los Angeles
Ronald Reagan Attempt - March 30th, 1981, Mark HInckley Jr. Washington D.C, James Brady
MONDAY-
Civil Rights
African American Rights - equal rights for all, black lives matter
Brown vs Board of Education - supreme court case, seperate schools, unconstitutional
Clinton 12 - 12 black teenagers, first public highschool and desegerated
Freedom Riders - civil rights activists, rode interstate buses into segerated, segregation in interstate bus and rail stations unconstitutionals
Civil Rights Act of 1964 - banned employment/public disscriminatino on the basis of race, color, religion, sex or national origin
24th Amendment - abolished the poll tax for federal elections, one to few dollars to vote, would allow african americas to vote
Little Rock Nine - 9 black students go to school, test to show segregations, Govenor called in National Guard, Eisenhower sent federal troops to protect
Aftermath of Little Rock Nine - widely recognized, inauguration of Obama, President Clinton awarded
Desegregation -
Military - Harry S Truman, armed forces, equal treatment and opportunity, korean war in 1952
Business - force private business, denying passage into hotel, heart of Atlanta Motel, denied black person into the hotel
Restaurant - certain places for blacks to sit & seperate restaurants, whites got to sit with blacks
Marriage - Loving V. Virginia - black & white couple married went to DC but when they came back it broke the law, sentenced for a year in prison but moved
Malcolm X - Muslim Minister, Human Rights, changed last name to X, believed in defend self in whatever way necessary -more of a violent person than Martin Luther K
Rosa Parks - disturbing peace, montgomery bus boycott, wouldn't give up her seat for a white man, yearlong, led by Martin Luther King Jr, wanted equal seating
Martin Luther King Jr - "I have a dream speech" - non violent, wanted peace
The Letter of Birmingham Jail - put in jail for protesting, letter said how it was injustice for him to go to jail since he was fighting for his life
March on Washington - massive protest march, I have a dream speech eas delivered, 250,000 people gathered
Selma - protest from Selma, 54 miles long, series of marches, state trooopers attacked with whips/tear gas/nightstick, - Bloody Sunday, Johnson called for a federal voting rights to the congress, Obama marched on 50th anniversary
Black Lives Matter - Rodney King - badly beaten by police, activist movement, 3 girls - started black lives matter , NWA - sang about the police, guys were found not guilty, Trayvon Martin - got shot walking by a white cop, cop found guilty and sold his gun. Fighting against police
Women's Rights
Betty Friedan - advocat for increase role for women in political scene (very smart, went to college, layed off because she became pregnant) writing about gender stereotypes, Cofounded of NOW, repeal of abortion laws
Frida Kahlo - defying the "Female Beauty" - own style with eyebrows, clothes, mustache, 5 girls to 300 boys
Mary Tyler Moore - came out of a longtime relationship on her show, big drinker, went to work, wage gap on her show, intimate on her show, didn't wanna get married
Jackie Kennedy - known for not wanting to be a housewife, people pushed on her because her husband was president, called out media, worked because she wanted to, hated idea of being a feminist
Gloria Steinem - feminist journalist, social political activist, leader and spokeswoman for the American Feminist Movement
#MeToo - Harvey Weinstein accused by over 50 women, sexual assault, blamed the culture TWITTER - comment "me too" if you have been sexually assaulted
Bill Cosby - accused by over 50 women, sentenced to 30 years in prision
Larry Nassar - accused more than 265 women/teenagers accused him, 175 years in prison
Charlie Rose - 11 women have accused him
TUESDAY
All Women's Baseball Team - minor leagues were stopped during the war, created a committee that created an all girls softball team. "A Leage of Their Own"
Women in the Military -
1948 - Women's Services Integration Act - Members of the military all the time
-1991 - Flh in combat missions and seve on combat ships
2005 - First Silver Star given to a women
2016 - lead a unidentified combat command
2017 - 3 women became the first infantry Marine
Title 9 - law passed by Nixon -law prohibits gener in any education program or activity that is federally funded
FMLA - Family Medical Leave Act - Women's Legal Defense Fund
-Allow famiy member to take off time for maternity, paternity, adoption, sick family member, chronic conditions
Equal Pay - Women are paid more than before but not the same as men - Kennedy signed
How we changed for tv shows? dressed up, nicer clothes, better hair, wear pants/jeans, not having to put makeup on, doesn't matter what we wear
29% major characters, 12% of protagonist are females
LGBQT Rights
Stonewall Riots - Police took a raid on a gay bar, police hurt a lot of people, bars were ran underground
Harvey Milk - 1970's - Gay Right's Activist, openly gay Board of Supervisors, killed by the guy he was going up against
Aids -1980's - virus that kills the body from the inside, "gay man disease" was a big breakout, "God punishing the Gays"
Freddie Mercury - lead singer in band Queens, died from Aids
DADT Act -1990's - don't ask, don't tell - banned LGBQT community from joining the military, could serve if they didn't say their sexuality
-Trump has now disqualified transgender to serve in the military
DOMA Act 1990's - allowed states the refuses to recognize same-sex marriage
Transgender Bathroom Rule - Sex -what you are born with Gender- what you know you are
-Obama signed off saying that anyone who identify as a man or woman could use the bathroom of their chose
-Trump says = man parts you use the males bathroom = woman parts you use the female bathroom
Obergefell v. Hodges
Ohio man sued the state for not putting his name on his husband's death certificate
14th Amendment - allowed same-sex couples to get married - states may not deny any person "life, liberty or property without due process of law"
Changing Hollywood
Before - hollywood was not good with lgbqt diverty, not a lot of screen time, not very many castings
After - trying to change
Ellen DeGeneres - changed TV forever - came out on her TV show - became first gay leading character
Love, Simon - about a teenage boy who is gay and fears his life won't be normal anymore, hard it is for teenagers to come out to their parents, change of hollywood
WEDNESDAY-
KNOW - Korean Vietnam War, Stories of Burlin Blockade, War on Terror, Women's Rights - Women's Amendments, Civil Rights, Cold War
Iraq War - US, British, forces overwhelm Iraq, President Bush declares the end of major combat, Saddam Hussein found in a 7 ft hole (captured by US forces) -guilty/crimes against humanity - sentenced to death/hung him, WMD's
-Barack Obama announced all troops will return from Iraq in 2011, US troops fight militants
-US thought it was going to be mass destruction/nuclear weapons but it wasn't
TEST QUESTION- Why wasn't the Iraq War a popular war? US people thought the government lied to us, US started to hear about an abuse scandal, US people found out that it was just for oil and money. heard waterboy was taken place -run water over your head so you think you're getting drowned, US citizens thought the military were being cruel to those people, Bush sent more people over there which made people mad.
-US left too soon from Iraq so ISIS forms
-Obama had the US get out of the war
9/11 - Al-Qaeda, not big enough, patriotism, concerts and performances, 2,996 died & 6,000 injured, 4 planes got hijacked & 2 planes hit the twin towers
Al-Qaeda - terrorist network
Patriot Act - Bush signed on Oct. 26, 2001, Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropiate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism, protect America
Impact it had -full body scan on the airports/concerts/sporting events, listening to key words people talked about, government could listen to people's conversations, deportations, Ongoing Wars, Had to have ID, no weapons/liquid
Afghan War - 9/11, 2nd longest war, three phases : destroy taliban, rebuild core institutions, troop pressure
-US told Taliban you're either with us or against (let others fight in their land)
Taliban - government of Afghanistan
What did Bush do? Troops in action & crush the capitol -heavily critized
What Obama did? Vowed to end it (still there today), operation that killed Osama Bin Laden, Airstrikes and Raids, Lowered troops, got the country out of "war"
THURSDAY
Trumps Plan - Increase Troops in Afghanistan, Find a solution, Wants victory
Islamic State of Iraq and Syria - Started as part of Al-Qaeda, wanted to establish an independent Islamic State
ISIS- was more dangerous, good at social working, want to hurt people
Al-Quaeda - old generation, did not want to harm Islamic people
Fighting for what they did - to make Allah's word surpreme in the world, restore the power of islam, did attacks in countries and kill lots of people
Want to be known as the Islamic State
Obama's Fight - US started airstrikes against ISIS targets
Operation Inheret Resolve - working with countries fighting ISIS on their land
Obama launched 9,000 airstrikes, killed 90+ ISIS fighters
Popularity- ISIS recognized around the world for carrying out of violence, public executions and videos of human burnings, promise wives, riches, money
Trump's Fight
-Cut ISIS forces down to 3,000 left in Iraq and Syria
-Weapons in countries dropped 65%
-Syria and Iraq will combat with US forces til ISIS is gone
Current ISIS - weakened both militarily and financially, lost control of large amounts of territory in Iraq, five top ISIS officials were arrested
Korea after WWII
-Japanese rule ends
-Korea is split
-Soviet Russian takes over the north and becomes communist
-America takes over the south and becomes deocratic
Start of the War - North Korean soldiers crosses the 38 parallel kicking off the Korean War, not a war, 90% fought by US, US left then the invasion happened
What happened after
Explain the map - North took over, US pushed North back and China got ansy, China and came to help North Korea then South Korea fought North Korea, North Korea was becoming communist
Stalemate - both sides were willing to call a ceasefire, both were wiling to have a demilitarized zone, US didn't want to give back POW's
Korean Armistice Agreement
-peace talks
-talks where to release pows
-South Korea did not sign
-Both sides retreatd 1 mile from border
-POWS on both sides were released
Modern Day
-been tense
-North Korea got nuclear weapons
-North Korea has been making promises
-North and South Korea leaders met for the first time
-Both sides are working towards officially ending the war
Korean Impact on the United States
-Casualties - 2.5 million people were killed or wounded
Economically - not affected, positioned as one of the largest powers, massive economic benefit for America, US has forced the South Korean people to buy their products at extremely high prices, led US to earn money
Politically - Almost total control over South Korean international politics, South Korea was like a puppet state of the USA
Militarily - Korean Army buys huge amounts of US made weapons, which costs the nation a fortune, and provides America with a ton of money, training and technology were better, force was large in size and very well equipped
Vietnam After WWII
-Ho chi minh declares freedom (leader of North) declared independence from France
-Divided into half
-Seekes to be accepter but Truman ignores him
FRIDAY
Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO)- Created to block further communist gains in South East Asia
Early Stages of the War
-Universal Militarizm is imposed on the people
-1,961,4000 green berets (high ranking military to train people)
-20,000 vietnam cong attack -very successful
-1962 bombing starts
The Jungle War 1965-1968
-Operation Flaming Dart
- Operation Rolling thunder begins
-US troops grow
-Battle of Khe-Sanh
-Didn't want Vietnam to move into China or else it would turn into WWIII
-Tried to tell China we weren't going to invade/bomb them
Operation Flaming Dart
-Started cause viet cong attacked US bases
-2 waves north bases and logistics
-99 total aircraft launched
Operation Rolling Thunder
-Sustained aerial bombardment
-goals was to boost south vietnam moral, stop viet cong, destory northern transportation, halt flow of men in the south
-Cold war restraints made it hard to achieve these
-Most intense air battle of the Cold War
US Pulls Out
-Operation Dewey Canyon last operation
-President drops down
Operation Dewey Canyon
-Sweep of the people's army
-Based off intelligence and captured documents
-Tactical success
-Stopped north from coming down
500 tons of weapons
How the Vietnam War impacted the US
-Took away more than 2 million lives
-3 million were wounded
-Hundreds of thousands children were left without parents
200-400,000 boat people died on sea
-Ruined the North and South Vietnam
-US air forces dropped around 8 million bombs in vietnam
-US used around 20 million gallons of herbicides
Anti -War
-Tet Offensive (invasion from the inside) -Cong launched massive offensive in every major cities in the south, US destroyed them. Gorilla & Elephant
-Pentagon Papers - classified document said that the government hasn't been telling the truth about the Vietnam war
-Injuring/Killing innocent people -(My Lai Massacre) -US soldiers killed babies and women - Jungles not knowing who to trust
-Supporting a bad government in South
-The power of the press
Vietnam Cong - communists in South
1964 Gulf of Tonkin - Johnson (gulf off of Vietnam) US ship was attack by Vietamise, Congress doesn't declare war but lets him rage war. Gave Johnson all the power to rage war.
1965-1968 - sending more and more troops
Vietnamization -Nixon wants to get out of the war (pulls out troops) wants the South Vietnamise to fight for themselves.
= North Vietamise takes over and still communist today
French lose to vietnamamese = vietnam split into 2
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