MONDAY- written test
TUESDAY- Industrial Revolution - How did growth of the steel industry influence the development of other industries? How did inventions and developments in the late 19th century change the way people worked?
The Industrial Revolution was a period of major industrialization that took place during the late 1700's and early 1800's.
Natural resources, creative ideas and growing markets fueled an industrial boom.
Technological developments of the late 19th century paved the way for continued growth of American industry.
Entrepreneur- a person who organizes, operates, and assumes the risk for a business venture
Edwin L. Drake- used a steam engine to drill for oil
Bessemer process- a cheap and efficient process for making steel
Thomas Alva Edison- an American inventor and businessman; created first industrial research laboratory, electricity, and the light bulb
Christopher Sholes- invented the typewriter
Alexander Graham Bell- invented the telephone
What took America from an agricultural nation to a leading industrial power? 1. Natural Resources- Coal, Iron Ore, Steel, Oil 2. Government giving business money 3. Growing cities 4. Cheap labor 5. New products
Oil Boom- Edwin L. Drake used a steam engine to drill oil out of the ground in Pennsylvania in 1859. It spread through Kentucky, Ohio, Illinois, Indiana, and Texas. Refining industries started in Cleveland and Pittsburgh. They refined the oil into kerosene and gasoline.
Standard Oil Company, Cleveland Ohio- Founded by John D. Rockefeller. On the shore of Lake Erie. Connected to the oil wells of Pennsylvania by railroad. Ohio was rural, but Cleveland was perfect for industrialization. Successful for both Cleveland and the entire country. First environment concerns/pollution from the refinery -Air & Water- put oil into river- fires broke out on the water and destroyed boats, buildings, and ship yards.
Bessemer Process- Coal and iron were readily available in the United States. Iron was dense metal but soft and rusted. The Bessemer Process took out the air in the steel to take out the carbon making it stronger
Railroads were buying huge amounts of steel to build tracks
Brooklyn Bridge- called a "wonder of the world"
Skyscrapers- steel could bear the weight of the height of the building
Inventions Promote Change- Photography, Reaper, Sewing Machine, Radio, Airplane, Telegraph, Dynamite, Motion Picture
Electricity- Thomas Edison- established a research laboratory. He invented the light bulb. He invented a way to produce and distribute electricity. Electricity was important because....1. Ran many machines 2. Available in homes for time-saving appliances 3. Manufacturing plants could be located anywhere -no need to be next to a power source like a river- industries grew
WEDNESDAY-
Henry Ford's Quadricycle-
Model T-
Principles of Scientific Management-
Interchangeable Parts-
Assembly Line- made things quickly and a lot of them
Division of Labor-
Mass Production-
THURSDAY-
Typewriter and Telephone - Christopher Sholes invented the typewriter. Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone. Both changed the way people worked in a office. It created jobs for women
Consumers- People were spending money buying things. The more people purchased the more the things were being invented and produced. Cities were growing. What does this all add up to? Industrial Revolution
Why did people, especially farmers, demand regulation of the railroads in the late 19th century? unfair prices Why were attempts at railroad regulation often unsuccessful?
Transcontinental Railroad- a railroad line linking the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of the United States
George M. Pullman- built a factory where luxury sleeper cars for the trains were built; known as the Pullman car
Credit Mobilier- a construction company formed by the Union Pacific Railroad to fraudulently skim off railroad profits for themselves
Munn v. Illinois- Supreme Court ruled in favor of the farmers and consumers and establishing the right of government to regulate private industry to serve the public interest
Interstate Commerce Act- a law that established the federal government's right to supervise railroad activities
Age of the Railroads- Railroads made traveling easy and moving west possible for both business and people. The government gave the railroads huge land grants and loans. By 1890, there was over 190,000 miles of railroad track in the United States. The railroad made the "American Dream" possible adventure, land, and a fresh start. The Central Pacific and Union Pacific Railroads built the transcontinental railroad
Immigrants Working on the Railroad- Union Pacific employed Irish immigrants and out of work Civil War veterans. Central Pacific employed Chinese immigrants. Working conditions were awful: Native American attacks, accidents, disease and killed the workers. Over 2,000 died and 20,000 injured
Asian immigrants earns less money than the white workers- White workers received $40-60 a month plus free meals. Chinese were paid $35 a month and supplied their own food. Dug tunnels by hand through granite mountains. Worked while surrounding by walls of snow. Many were buried in avalanches or froze to death.
Time Zones- Each town still had it's own time- noon was when the sun was directly overhead. Noon in Boston was 12 minutes later than New York City. In 1869, Professor C.F Dowd divided the earth into 24 time zones, one for each hour of the day. United States has four time zones: Eastern, Central, Mountain, and Pacific
FRIDAY- video
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