Week of September 5th - September 9th - Blogs

Monday-

NO SCHOOL

Tuesday-

Sam, Joey, Riley, and Spender D's Presentation:

1, Louisiana Purchase (I have notes on my last blog from our presentation)

2. Revolutionary War (I have notes on my last blog from our presentation)

3. French and Indian War

1754
AKA 7 Years War
France expanded into Ohio- caused repeated conflict with British Colonies
George Washington attacked in the war first
France vs. Britain (Colonists were Britain)
France kicked out of Canada

4. Steam Engine

Thomas Newcomen invented the first true steam engine
They powered everything from factories to trains ect.
The foundation of the industrial revolution

5. Civil War (I have notes on my last blog from our presentation)

FOCUS ON THE FOLLOWING WHEN STUDYING:

Period of time
Basic explanation
Key people
Impact
Key Terms

TOP TEN EVENTS THAT SHAPED US HISTORY TO 1877

Native Americans coming and going (10,000 years ago)(Forced)
- Land bridge from Asia to North America - people traveled to find food
- People migrated over thousands of years to South America
- Trail of Tears - President Jackson forced NA to go from Georgia to Oklahoma
Columbus and Exploration (1492-early 1600s)
- Christopher Columbus - claimed land for Spain - he's from Italy
- Ferdinand Magellan - first to sail around world (proved that Earth is round)
- Amerigo Vespucci - Americas named after Amerigo
- Hernand Cortez - defeated Aztecs
- Francisco Pizarro - defeated Inca
- Languages are mostly dictated by exploration
- Sir Francis Drake - traveled down around South America to the west coast of North America (first person to travel along west coast of NA)
- Line of demarcation of 1494 - Pope declared a line in which to the left was Spain and the right was Portugal
- France, Great Britain, Dutch, Spain, Portugal, Russia - map of colonization of countires
Jamestown and Colonization (early 1600s-1770s)
- France, England, Dutch, Spain, Portugal, Russia - map of colonization of countires
- Spain
  - Florida
  - Southwest United States
  - Central America
  - West half of South America
  - Cuba
  - Caribbean Islands
- France
  - Central North America
  - Part of Canada
- Great Britainn
  - East coast of US
- Russia
  - Alaska
- Dutch
  - New York - for a short time
  - New Hampshire - for a short time
  - Para Maribo
Revolutionary War (1775-1783)
- French and Indian War led to Revolutionary War
  - Britain in debt so started enforcing taxes on Colonists without Representation (No one in Parliament to represent)
- Boston Massacre
- Boston Tea Party
  - Colonists pushed boxes of tea into ocean dressed as Natives
- Declaration of Independence - July 4th, 1776
- We were trained by Native Americans - surprise attacks and hit them quick
- Targeted Generals
  - Learned from Natives
US Constitution (1789)
- The Articles of Confederation was the first government of US (6 years)
  - They didn't want to be like Britain so they gave most power to states
  - It was more like 13 different countries
  - Why should the Articles of Confederation be known as the Un-United States?
- Got rid of Articles and drafted the US Constitution
- Protects Freedoms and Rights
- Establishes our government
  - Legislative
    - Congress
      - Senate - 2 from each state
      - House of Representatives - population of state
      - Main job to make laws
      - Declare war (President does not declare war)
      - Admits states
      - Approve all people that president appoints
  - Executive
    - President
      - Can pass or veto laws
      - Does not make laws
      - Chief Law Enforcer of the country
      - Sign treaties with other countries
      - Diplomacy
      - Appoint judges
      - Giving speeches
    - Cabinet
      - The secretaries
  - Judicial
    - Supreme Court
      - Final say with laws
      - Decides if laws are constitutional or not
      - Override if 2/3 vote
      - They could declare a law unconstitutional over time
- Bill of Rights (First 10 Ammendments)
  - Freedom of speech
  - Right to bear arms
  - Right to privacy
  - Right to petition government
  - Right to peacefully assemble
  - Quartering officials at homes
  - Right to a lawyer
  - Right to a speedy trial
  - Right to no unusual and cruel treatment
  - Right to no extensive searches
  - If power is not assigned, the power is left to state government
  - Abolished slaverys
  - Every individual is a citizen (Blacks, whites, women, men, etc.)
  - Same-sex marriage legal
  - 15th Black males right to vote
- Four groups of people voting rights given to
  - Black Males
  - Females
  - Washington D.C. citizens
  - From 21 to 18
Westward expansion (1800s)
- To escape danger/trouble, to farm, etc.
- East Pacific
- North Canada
- South Florida
- West Mississippi River
- Louisiana Purchase (1803)
  - Surveyors called Midwest the Great American Desert
  - Lewis and Clark
    - Document land, people, plants, animals, etc.
    - Sacajawea
- Texas War for Independence (independent for a few years)
  - Known for the Lone Star Republic
- In a span of 10 years - Mexico lost over half of their land (Texas and the Southwest)
- 1846 - Great Britain gave us Oregon Territory
- Purchased Alaska from Russia in 1967
Texas War for Ind. (1835-36)/Mexican-American (1846-1848)
- Texas War for Independence
  - Mexico (Independent from Spain) did not have slaves and had to be Roman Catholic
  - Texas said no so they broke out into war
  - Demolished at Alamo
  - United Texans to defeat Mexico and became independent
  - Texas was annexed by US
- Mexican-American War
  - President moved troops to border
  - Mexico thought we invaded them
    - They thought that the border was farther up
  - We thought we attacked them
  - Neither one of us knew what the other country thought the border was
  - We won and gave Mexico 20 million dollars
  - We got Mexican Cession
    - California
    - Part of Arizona
    - Part of New Mexico
    - Utah
    - Nevada
Civil War (1861-1865)
- 1840s - just defeated Mexico
  - Gained land/states
  - Major issues
    - Slave states?
  - Government and congress power can decide
  - Popular saventine
    - let the people of the state decide by voting
  - 36-30 line
  - Compromise of 1850 set up popular saventine
  - Dread-Scott case (Supreme Court)
    - slavery could not be abolished anywhere
    - North decided to ignore ruling
- California state before states between Iowa and California
  - Gold
- South succeeded because they were frightened that Abe would abolish slavery everywhere
  - he only wanted it to be abolished in the North
- Goal of North: Bring the South back and make the country united again
- Goal of South: Make new country so they could make new laws and keep slavery
- Border states: Missouri, Kentucky, West Virginia, and Maryland
- Why did the North win?
  - more states/more population
  - more railroads
  - 85% of all factories in North
  - more money
  - more exports
  - more farms
  - more iron
- South advantages
  - homeland
  - better generals
  - more fighting experience
  - more determination to win
Reconstruction (1865-1877)
- The period of time after the Civil in which the South had to be rebuilt and reorganized and brought back into the Union (physically and economically and socially and politically rebuilt)
  - create more jobs
  - fix cities and build buildings
- Presidents Lincoln and Johnson wanted to be easy on the South
- Lincoln was republic and Johnson was democratic
  - Chose a democratic vice-president so he could get more Southern democratic votes
  - Congress hated the fact that a democrat was now president
- Wanted to follow in Lincoln's steps -> changed in the 1866 Congressional election
- Split south into 5 different military zones
  - US Military is down there enforcing the laws and violence is kept down
- 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments passed (13- abolished slavery, 14- blacks equal, 15- black men could vote)
- Freedmen's Bureau set up to help former slaves (farm hands - a step up above slavery) (helped educate former slaves)
- Southern governments taken over by "carpetbaggers" - northerners that went south and took over government - and "scalawags" - southerners that supported and helped the "carpetbaggers" with the government (seen as traitors)
  - raised taxes
  - industrialized the South
  - set up schools
  - built railroads
  - helped ex-slaves
- some "carpetbaggers" stole money from south
- Reconstruction left very deep divisions between the Northern states and Southern states
  - divisions for over a hundred years
- Once the Northern governments and military left the South, traditional rich, white racist males took back over the governments
  - set up segregation laws
  - all progress from reconstruction was gone
  - Jim Crow laws and segregation was established (drinking fountains, bus seats, schools, bathrooms, etc.)
- African-Americans would not see the rights should have had in 1865 until 1964

Wednesday-

Mr. Bruns continued his presentation (up above)

Thursday-

Mr. Bruns continued his presentation (up above)

Tuesday test!

Friday-

Mr. Bruns continued his presentation (up above)

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