Monday: 9/25/17
- ericles Plan to Win
- Avoid land battles
- Wait to attack Sparta from the sea
- Build walls protecting city and port
- Rise of the Philosophers (Lovers of wisdom)
- A philosopher is someone who tries to explain the nature of life
- After losing to Sparta in the Peloponnesian War, people in Athens turned to philosophers for answers
- Three philosophers were:
- Socrates
- Plato
- Aristotle
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- Socrates: 470 - 399BC
- Socrates was a philosopher of Ancient Greece
- Socrates taught by asking questions
- He believed in honor and integrity, not wealth and power
- This method of questioning is still called the Socratic method
- He was put on trial and found guilty for "Corrupting the youth of Athens"
- Put to death by hemlock (poison)
- "There is only one good - knowledge - and one evil - ignorance."
- Plato: 427 - 347BC
- Plato was a student of Socrates
- He started a school called The Academy that lasted 900 years
- Wrote The Republic
- The book talked about a perfectly governed society
- Not a democracy
- The book talked about a perfectly governed society
- In his ideal society, all citizens would fall naturally into three groups
- Farmers and artisans
- Warriors
- The ruling class
- He said that the person with the greatest intellect from the ruling class would be chosen king
- Aristotle: 384 - 322BC
- Aristotle was a student of Plato
- He wrote about
- Science
- Art
- Law
- Poetry
- Government
- Etc
- Taught Alexander the Great
- "He who studies how things originated will achieve the clearest view of them."
- The Story of Ancient Greece (Before everything else we did - This is actually the beginning)
- 2000BC - 300BC
- Chapter 5
- Colossus of Rhodes
- Statue of Helios (Greek Titan god)
- Was made of bronze
- Same size as Statue of Liberty
- One of the 7 Wonders of the Ancient World
- Lasted just over 50 years due to earthquake
- Believed to have been melted down and sold by Arab invaders
- The Temple/Statue of Artemis
- Built around 800BC
- Artemis is the Greek Goddess of Fertility
- The temple was destroyed several times due to wars
- Current day archaeologists have found the foundations of 5 temples built on top of each other
- So it is believed that they tried to rebuild it several times
- The Statue of Zeus at Olympia
- Built around 450BC
- The statue was said to be made of gold and marble
- Eventually destroyed after being taken apart and moved
- The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus
- Built around 353BC
- Tomb was built by Queen Artemisia as a tribute to her husband/brother King Mausolus
- Destroyed by earthquakes in the 1100 - 1400s AD
- All that survives today are the foundation blocks
- Lighthouse of ALexandria
- The lighthouse was built in 280BC
- It was the worlds first lighthouse
- Reflected sunlight by day
- Fire at night
- Most likely destroyed by earthquakes from 956 - 1325 AD
Remains were found in the Mediterranean Sea in 1994 - Egypt is building an underwater museum for tourists
Tuesday: 9/26/17
- Peninsula
- A piece of land surrounded by water on the majority of its border, while being connected to a mainland from which it extends.
- Minoan
- A seafaring and trading people that lived on the island of Crete (2000-1400 BC)
- Mycenaean
- An Indo-European person who settled on Greek mainland around 2000 BC
- Trojan war
- An army lead by Mycenaean kings attacked the independent trading city of Troy
- Dorian
- People that migrated into mainland Greece after the destruction of the Mycenaean civilization
- Homer
- Great story teller who was blind
- Epic
- Narrative poems celebrating heroic deeds
- Myth
- Traditional stories about gods, ancestors, or heroes
- Geography of Greece
- Greece is a small country in Europe
- The main part of Greece in on a peninsula
- Greece is surrounded by what three large bodies of water?Mediterranean Sea, Aegean Sea, and lonian Sea
- The rest of Greece is made p of islands
- 6000(227 being inhabited)
- Importance of Geography to Greece
- The Sea was extremely important to the Greeks so that they had protection and they cold fish, and they cold trade with others
- Did not live"on the land" but "around the sea"
- Most Greeks lived within 85 miles of the Sea
- used the sea as means of transportation
- The sea linked all parts of Greece to other areas for trade which was essential due to lack of resources.
- Mountains covered 3/4 of ancient Greece
- The Sea was extremely important to the Greeks so that they had protection and they cold fish, and they cold trade with others
- Mount Olympus- Home of the 12 Olympian Greek gods
- Zeus
- king of the gods, sky, thunder
- Hera
- women, marriage
- Demeter
- harvest, agriculture
- Poseidon
- sea
- Athena
- wisdom, courage etc.
- Apollo
- music, poetry, healing
- Artemis
- the hunt, wild animals, childbirth
- Aphrodite
- love beauty, pleasure
- Ares
- war
- Hermes
- transitions and boundaries
- Hephaestus
- blacksmiths, craftsmen, artisans
- Hestia
- hearth, home, domesticity, family
- Dionysus
- vine, grape harvest, wine making, wine
- Zeus
- Due to the mountains, transportation over land was difficult
- Greeks did not have much fertile land for agriculture
- Due to these issues, ancient Greece never had a large population- no more than a few million
- These issues might have led some leaders to look to expand
- Greek city-states
- Due to Greece's geography, city-states developed instead of a unified country
- What is a city-state?
- some where ruled by kings, others were ruled by small group of noble, landowning families, and others by a few powerful people
- Ancient Olympics
- Records of Olympics date to 776 BC and lasted until 393 AD when the Romans ended them
- Lasted one day at first but eventually extended to five days
- Happened every four years(Olympiad)
- started as a tribute to Zeus and has a mythological origin
- the modern Olympic Games started up again in 1896(Athens)
- Ancient Olympics
- The big competition at the games was the Pentathlon(Pente-5)(Athlon-competition)
- long jump
- javelin
- dicus
- stadion-200 yards
- wrestling
- The big competition at the games was the Pentathlon(Pente-5)(Athlon-competition)
- Climate
- What does Greece average temp. tell you about how they might have lived?-it was nice so they did a lot of stuff outside.
- Minoan Civilization
- 2000-1500 BC
- Heavy influenced by the Egyptians and Mesopotamian civilizations
- named after legendary Crete king Minos of Greek mythology
- Known for its trade on the seas
- Due to its isolation on the island of Crete, generally peaceful
Wednesday: 9/27/17
- No school
Thursday: 9/28/17
- Video
- Minoans
- Known for it's advanced cities
- Knossus
- Not overcrowded
- Plumbing
- Toilets
- Sewers
- Known for women having much higher status than in earlier civilizations
- Known for art and potttery
- Known for it's advanced cities
- Downfall of the Minoans
- Around 1500 BC, the Minoan civilization ended abruptly
- Historians think it could have been an earthquake which leveled cities and their ships
- Possible tsunami
- They could have been over ran by the Mycenaeans
- Some historians think Minoa could have been Atlantis
- Video
Friday: 9/29/17
- Atlantis Video
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