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Friday
Persian War(Greco-Persian)
Fought between the Persian Empire and Greek city-state(Athens, Sparta, Thebes, etc.)
Problems started when Persian leader Cyrus the Great took over Ionia in Greece in 546 BC
The Ionians(Greeks) led a revolt against the Persians after Cyrus the Great died
Ionian Revolt
Led by athenian General Miltiades
Ionia asked Athens to help them which they did
Darius quickly suppresses the Ionian Revolt but is very angry at the Greeks
Darius the Great vowed to burn Athens to the ground before he died
Miltiades Escapes
Miltiades escapes back to Athens and tells the Athenians that the Persians are coming to burn Athens
This sets up the beginning of the Great Persian War
Ancient Greece vs Civilizations of Persia
Persia was the largest empire in the world at the time and consisted of millions of people
Ancient Greece was about 500,000 total people
It was truly a David vs. Goliath battle
Athens and Sparta united
Athens and Sparta had been fighting for hundreds of years
They now fought nor for Athens or for Sparta but for Greece
Battle of Marathon
25,000 Persians
10,000 Athenians
Who won
Athenians
Deaths
Persians 6,400
Athenians 192
How did the Athenians Win
Battle formations
The Phalanx
The Persians were lightly armored and not prepared
Pheidippides
After the battle ended, he ran from Marathon to Athens to tell the Athenians of the victory over Persia
About 26 miles
Battle of Thermopylae
Ten years after the Battle of Marathon, Persia once again invaded Greece
Darius the Great’s son, Xerxes, made it goal to destroy Athens
The Persians won the Battle of Thermopylae but not before the Spartan soldiers held out of days allowing many Greek troops to retreat
The movie 300 is based on this battle
Battle of Salamis
At the naval Battle of Salamis, the Greeks destroyed the Persian Navy
The Persians were never the same after and they were eventually driven out of Greece
After the Persian Wars, the Delian League was established setting up an alliance between the Greek city-states
- Starting around 470 BC Greece, and Athens specifically, entered a golden age
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