Week of November 23-27

Monday- Talked about Forum Posts for the week and continued ch. 10 ppt.

Tuesday- Continued Ch. 10 ppt.

Wednesday- Continued Ch. 10 ppt.

Thursday/Friday- No school-thanksgiving break

Ch. 10.2- The Spanish American War

By 1900, Spain was a dwindling empire
- Philippines, Guam, Cuba, Puerto Rico and a few colonies in Africa (Morocco and Western Sahara)
The US had been interested in Cuba for a long time
- US tried to buy Cuba in 1854 (Spain did not want to get rid of Cuba)
Cubans had been revolting against Spain frequently (1868, 1878, 1886, 1895) wanting independence
Many felt sorry for the Cuban people

What caused an increase in tension between the United States and Spain?

1. In 1895 civil war broke out in Cuba between Spain and the Cubans
2. The conflict was described "bloody and brutal"
3. Newspapers (Yellow Press) reports the brutality of the Spanish General Weyler
- The New York Journal Reports "...blood on the roadsides, blood in the villages, blood, blood, blood!"
- American newspapers were clearly pushing the nation towards intervention in the Cuban situation
- William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer (Major newspapers guys in the country)

Causes of Spanish-American War 1898

The USS Maine sinking -Main reason
- Thought it was a Spanish Mine that blew up the ship
- Actually an internal problem
The Yellow Press
- Instigated the war
- United the general public to want war with Spain
- Made people feel sorry for the Cubans
Butcher Weyler and his treatment of Cubans in the concentration camps (called him butcher because he 'butchered' the Cubans in concentration camps)
The De Lome Letter
- De Lome is saying McKinley is weak
Jose Marti's destruction of US property in Cuba-making it look as though Spain did it
The help the Cubans get Independence

Declaration of War and the Teller Amendment

Fronts in the Spanish-American War

Philippines
- Commodore George Dewey- if war were to happen he was told to go take Philippines
- Our Navy took it
Cuba
- Navy is reason we won
- Destroyed Cuba
- Rough Riders- Group TR put together- Cowboys, good athletes, former police officers to go fight
Puerto Rico
- No fighting
- Just went in and took it

Treaty of Paris-1898

Misc.

It was short, we got a lot our of it, little casualties
The US Army was not prepared to fight this war- The Navy was excellent
Roughly 3,000 US Soldiers died in the war- Only 385 battle deaths- 25000 died due to disease
Lasted April 25- August 12, 1898
The US became an empire for the first time in our history

10. 3- Acquiring New Lands

Cartoon(Uncle Sam dressed in US clothes): The US is expanding so we need to change how we do things. remeasure, reevaluate

In 1898, Spain gave control of Cuba to the United States with the Treaty of Paris
In 1902, the United States granted Cuba its independence as promised with the Teller Amendment
The US retained the right to intervene to preserve Cuban independence and stability with the Platt Amendment (Amendment added to their constitution-strings we attached to Cuba)
The US for control of Guantanamo Bay as well, a naval base we still have control of today
In 1934, the Platt Amendment was repealed

What do you know about Cuba today?

Philippines

McKinley's dilemma- What to do with the Philippines
- Take over, uplift, and Christianize them
Emilio Aguinaldo declared Philippine independence
The Philippine-American War broke out after the Filipinos realized that the US would not give them independence- we won
US committed genocide (Major killing of a race)
In 1935, the Philippines were granted Commonwealth status
We had control of Philippines roughly 40 years
Today it is independent

China

Was still independent in Asia
looked like it was going to be carved up just like Africa
China revolted - European powers won
John Hay- Open door policy (US holding back major powers of the world saving China, saying it should be open for everybody; guaranteed Chinese independence) (Opened trading equality for all countries)
Never overtaken by major powers

Ch. 10.4- America as a World Power

Teddy Roosevelt's Presidency

Assumed Presidency after McKinley was killed
Roosevelt the Peacemaker
- Ended the Russo-Japenese War in 1905
- Won the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts (For ending Japanese and Russian War)
- Panama Canal
- Roosevelt Corollary

The Panama Canal

A Canal across Panama had been desired for a long time. Why?
France had started constructing a canal but gave up due to costs and disease
In 1903, US buys French company's route for $40 million
Before starting, US had to get permission from Colombia which controlled Panama
Colombia refused to allow US entry
With support from the US, Panama revolted against Colombia
On November 3, 1903, Panama declared independence from Colombia
US and Panama then signed canal deal where US would pay $10 million and an annual rent of $250,000
This action greatly upsets Latin America... why?

Why would people want a canal?

Faster to get places
Time saver, money saver
Did not have to go all the way around South America
Did not have to unload items on ship onto a train and then back onto another ship to continue

How did the US get control of the canal?

With support from the US, Panama revolted against Colombia
On November 3, 1903, Panama declared independence from Colombia
US and Panama then signed canal deal where US would pay $10 million and an annual rent of $250,000

What problems did the US have in building the canal?

Roosevelt Corollary

It was an addition to the Monroe Doctrine
Said that US would be the police officer between Latin America and Europe
The US would use force to protect interests in Latin America
Big stick diplomacy- "Speak softly and carry a big stick"
- We have a big military we can crush you but we are not going to
- Other countries knowing we have a big military was enough
- "big Stick"- Military Power
The Great White Fleet
- Painted battleships white
- Sent them around the world as intimidation
- Letting people know we are a major power

Cartoon: Roosevelt with big stick on leash

Other countries looking up at Roosevelt
Like police officer of other countries
Teddy going to be the police officer solving problems between Europe and Latin American countries

Dollar Diplomacy- President Taft

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