Monday- watched videos
Tuesday- finished videos and notes
Wednesday- notes
Thursday- finishd the video and notes
Friday- notes
Third Punic War 149-146 BC
- Rome went on the offensive and laid seige to Carthage
- Romans burned the city and 50,000 people were sold into slavery
- With Carthage out of the picture, Rome would continue its conquest in the upcoming decades
Julius Caesar
- Dictator
- Married Cornelia in 84 BC
- Civil War in Rome and the person Caesar
Triumvirate Falls Apart
- Crassus was killed in battle in Syria so he was out of the picture
- Pompey became jealous of Caesar's power and popularity so the Senate ordered Caesar to siband military and return to Rome
- Caesar refused and instead crossed the Rubicon River in 49 BC and attacked Pompey's troops
- 46 SC Pompey was dead and his troop defeated
- Caesar returned to Rome with support from the people and the military and became dictator
- In 44 BC Caesar was named dictator for life
Ceasar As Dictator
- Served just a year before he was assassinated
- Granted Roman citizenship to many people in provinces
- Expanded the senate, adding friends, and supporters from Italy and other religions
- Helped the poor by creating jobs especially through the construction of new public buildings
- Started colonies where people without land could own property
- Increased pay for soldiers
- Reformed the Roman calendar
Julian vs. Gregorian Calendar
We use the Gregorian since 1582
Caesar's Assignation
- Due to helping the middle and lower class, Caesar made enemies with the wealthy class including many in the Senate
- Marcus Junius Brutus and Gaius Cassius Longinus were the two that killed Caesar
Second Triumvirate 42 BC-33 BC
- Civil war broke out after Caesar's death
- Roman Republic as now completely gone at this point
- Octavian(Caesar's grandnephew/adopted son) Mar Antony( a general) and Lepidus(politician) ruled Rome for ten years
- Fell apart eventually die to jealousy and violence
- Octavian forced Lepidus to retire
- Octavian went to war Mac Antony with Queen Clleopatra from Egypt
- Octavian defeated Antony/Cleopatra in a naval battle of Actium in 31BC
- Antony and Cleopatra committed suicide afterward in 30 BC
Augustus and Roman Empire
- Octavian took the title Augustus which means exalted one
- He would usher in the Pax Romana which means Roman Peace
- Rome was at its peak
- Augustus Accomplishments
- stabled the frontier
- Glorified Rome with buildings
- Roman Life
- discipline, strength loyalty were stressed in Rome
- People had gravitas that had these characteristics
- 90% farmers
- Rich lived by conspicuous consumption
- Most lived in poverty
- high unemployment
- Lived in tenements which caught on fire
- struggled for survival
- Slavery
- significant part of Roman life and economy
- any previous civilations
- Conquered peoples men women and kids
- born into slaves and became slaves
- anything could happen to them
- become gladiators
- Gladiators
- Government put on to appease the poor
- Provided free of charge during the holidays 150/250
- Fought in Colosseum in Rome
- Animal vs animal man vs animal and man vs man
- Roman Religion
- government and religion were linked
- among the most important Roman gods and goddesses were
- Rise of Christianity
- Roman gods were very impersonal and practiced with very little emotion
- Rome took over the Jewish land of Isreal around 63 BC
- Christianity taught that people could have a personal relationship with God which attracted people
- Christianity broke off from Judaism and was based on the life and teachings of Jesus as well as his death and Resurrection
- AS Jesus traveled around preaching, many people starting following him
- Especially attracted the poor based on his teachings
- "Blessed are the meek, for they shall inherit the earth"
- Paul is an apostle stressed that Jesus was the song of God who died for people's sings
- Also declared that Christianity should welcome all converts
- Rome persecuted Christians as they did not worship the Roman gods
- many were crucified burned or killed by wild animals in the circus arenas
- Roman Emperor Constantine named Christianity one of the Roman Empires regions in 313 AD after winning a battle were the Christian God intervened
- 380 AD Christianity become the religion
- Early Christian Church
- priest- led small group of Christians in each church
- bishop- leads several local churches
- Peter became the first bishop and pope
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