Monday -
Choose two movies about WWII and then be able to talk about them in class.
Fury, Hacksaw Ridge.
Germany - One people, one empire, one ruler. Swastika was the symbol of the Nazi party.
Axis powers - Italy, Germany, Japan, Spain (remained neutral but Hitler saw them as an ally), France (Vichy French), Hungary, Hungary, Croatia, Romania, Bulgaria, Finland, Slovakia, Manchukuo,
Treaty of Versailles - lead to the huge inflation after WWI and lead to WWII. Germany and Russia (Soviet Union) lost a lot of land. Land was taken from Germany and was given to France, Belgium, Denmark, Czechoslovakia, and Poland. Also lost colonies in Africa to Great Britain and France. Germany had to return land to Russia.
Military - Germany's army was reduced to 100,000 men, they were not allowed to have tanks, air force, and only 6 naval ships. The Rhineland was made into a demilitarized zone.
Financial - Lost land and potential profit on that land from resources. Germany had to pay $33 billion to the allies (GB/France).
General - Germany had to take full responsibility for starting the war. Germany was forbidden to unite with Austria. A League of Nations was set up to keep world peace.
Reaction - There was anger throughout Germany when the terms were made public, it was seen as something that was forced upon this and they had no choice but to sign it. The German representatives in Paris knew they had no choice but to accept it. Many believed that the representatives stabbed the public in the back. Blamed the "November Criminals" (Weimar Republic) for accepting the treaty.
Weimar Republic - A president is elected by the people and then appoints a chancellor. Hindenburg died which made Hitler the president. He burned the capital building and blamed the communists and then declared an emergency, which allowed him to make laws without parliamentary background.
Adolf Hitler - Both of his parents died when he was young, born in 1889 in Austria. Family moved to Germany when he was three. Had five siblings-three died in infancy. His brother died in 1900 (Edmund), then he became moody and withdrawn, he had more issues in school. His dad died in 1903 and his mom died in 1907. He said he first became anti-Semitic during his time in Vienna, Austria. He struggled in school.
Tuesday -
Vienna - He failed to get into the Academy of Fine Arts two different times. Started selling paintings in the streets of Vienna. Failed his examination to get into the Austro-Hungarian army. Moved to Munich and joined the German army when WWI broke out.
WWI - Hitler was wounded twice, once by a shell explosion, temporary blinded by a mustard gas attack. There is a story towards the end of the war, he could have been shot by a French soldier but he was spared.
After WWI - Hitler starts spying on the Nationalist Socialist German Workers Party (Nazi) for the German Military. Hitler realized that this group discussed topics that he believed in. Hitler dropped out of the military and joined the Nazi Party and became the leader. Hitler found that he had the power of speech.
Beer Hall Putsch - 1923 - Tried to overthrow the German government and was unsuccessful. He was only sentenced to 5 years and got off with good behavior in 9 months.
Rise to Power - Hitler ran for president and lost but was appointed Chancellor in 1933 by Paul Van Hindenburg. Hitler dissolves the government after Hindenburg dies. He burns down the government building and then blames the communists. Then he rules that every party outside of the Nazi party is illegal. Drops out of the League of Nations. Starts rearming the army. The first military action he took was to rearm the Rhineland.
Anschluss (Union) with Austria - 1938 - Austria and Germany joined together. He intimidated the president of Austria. The president wanted people to vote. There were people that liked it and people that did not like it.
Munich Conference - Hitler wanted to take over part of the Czechoslovakia. He took over the parts that were over 50% German.
Wednesday -
Winston Churchill - Was against appeasement but no one trusted him because of his terrible decision in WWI.
Czechoslovakia - Hitler takes over all of it in March, 1939. Hitler invited their president to Germany and yells at him and tells him that they will invade. He eventually passes out and Hitler's doctor saves his life.
Soviet-German Non-Aggression Pact - The two countries would not fight each other. Russia gave raw materials to Germany in exchange for money and weapons. Both agreed to stay neutral if the other entered the war. Secretly agreed to invade and split Poland. Germany gets the western half and Russia gets the eastern half. Russia would get Finland, Estonia, and Latvia. Germany would get Lithuania.
Reactions - Shock. Poland was stuck between the two countries. Hitler thought it would force Great Britain and France to back out of their promise to help Poland if attacked.
1939/1940 - The Phony war - winter. No one fought during this time.
1940 - Hitler invades Norway, Denmark, Belgium, Netherlands, France. Schlieffan plan. France had a wall and a tough defense but blitzkrieg was too strong. France surrendered
Miracle of Dunkirk - There is a huge evacuation after Hitler waits outside. Thousands of troops were able to leave and go to Great Britain.
Vichy French - Hitler allowed the Vichy French to control the southern part of France. They helped Hitler. Henri Petain.
Maginot line - On the border of France and Germany.
Thursday -
The French Resistance - General Charles DeGaulle, The Free French Underground, The Maquis.
Tripartite Act - Axis powers officially come together.
Axis invasion of the Balkans (Yugoslavia) 1941 - Germany takes over Yugoslavia and Greece.
June of 1942 is when the Axis powers had the most land and the most power.
Nazi goals for Battle of Britain -
Destroy the Royal Air Force (before invasion was possible - September 15, 1940)
Attack and destroy the British Navy
Attack British troops (bombing raids)
Once air control was gained, the invasion of Great Britain would begin
Germany never did #1 or #2
German bombers did so poorly against the RAF that they could only bomb at night.
Great Britain was greatly helped by radar and ultra (British knew when they were going to come because of spies).
Operation Sea Lion was the code name for the invasion of Great Britain.
Royal Air Force - Air force of Britain that saved Great Britain from the German invasion.
Luftwaffe - German air force. Herman Goering. Messerschmidt Bf 109
Results of the Battle of Britain - British lost 40,000 people and 46,000-139,000 people injured. Germany lost 3,363 aircrew and 2,265 aircraft. British won by the fact that Germany did not achieve their goals.
German invasion of USSR - Final plan for Operation Barbarossa.
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