Monday-
Talked about our movies.
Italy WWII Story- Benito Mussolini- il Duce- non vileant and socialist.
Tuesday-Continued to present Mr. Bruns
Italy after WWI- Italy was very displeased with the Treaty of Versailles. Wanted to get more land than they got. Italy joined the League of Nations and was a member from 1919 until they withdrew in 1937.
Washington Naval Conference- 1921- 5 power Pact- Signed by Great Britain, the United States, Japan, France, and Italy. Designed to prevent an arm's race. It limited the construction of battleships, battle cruisers, and aircraft carriers. Din not restrict cruisers, destroyers or submarines. 9 Power Pact- Guaranteed Chinese independence and upheld the Open Door Policy. Signed by the United States, Japan, China, France, Great Britain, Italy, Belgium, Netherlands, and Portugal. (Japan broke the treaty).
Kellogg- Briand Pact- Countries pledged not to use war as a way to settle disputes. Cartoon- By 1939 It blew up in everybody's faces.
March on Rome- October 1922- A March by Benito Mussolini's National Fascist Party. Mussolini and the Fascists won and took over Italy.
King Victor Emmanuel- Did not fight Mussolini's take over in Italy. Wanted to avoid a civil war and also wanted to keep communists out of Italy. Saw Mussolini s the person that could so these things. (Italy= catholic)
Mussolini and the Catholic Church- In 1929, the Lateran Accords were signed. Gave the Vatican specific territories in Rome. Catholicism became the stare religion-. Separation of church and state was stopped. Recognition of religious marriages for the first time since 1870. Catholic church was given a lot of money.
What did Mussolini get?- Official support from the Catholic Church.
King victor Emanuel, Mussolini, and the pope= picture.
Established Fascism in Italy- A government led by a strong dictator. Stresses strong nationalism, militarism and imperialism. Uses intimidation to get what they want. "All within the state, nothing outside the state, nothing against the state". - Famous Quote.
Wednesday-
Ethiopia invaded by Mussolini 1935- (Eastern Africa)- Italy lost it's Ethiopia colony in Africa at the 1896 Battle of Adua. One of the worst colonial disasters of modern history. In 1935 Ital sends large forces into Ethiopia.
Italy/ Ethiopia Invasion- Arms embargo, financial embargo, non-importation of Italian goods.
North Korea- we have sanctions.
Neutrality- Being neutral and not picking sides.
Nov 18, 1935
Feb 29, 1936, FDR signed the 1936 Neutrality Act-
1. Mandatory arms embargo with warring nations.
2. Mandatory ban on loans to warring nations.
May 5th- Italy occupied Addis Ababa- annexed all Ethiopia on may 9th.
Cartoon- Since there Africans no one cares if they are gassed.
Generalissimo Francisco Franco and the Spanish civil War- 1936
Hitler and Mussolini send troops and weapons to help Franco win the Civil war against the communist. This war served as an important training ground for Hitler's and Mussolini's troops.
Axis Powers- Main powers- Germany Italy japan.
Cartoon- They are just small and weak.
Italy Goals-
Make a New Roman Empire. Make the Mediterranean an "Italian Lake". Take over Northern Africa colonies of Britain and France- espically Egypt. Take over Southeastern Europe- Greece and Albania. Take over parts of the Middle East.
It went very well for us within 7 months the axis powers surrendered in North Africa and that part of the war was over. We went to Italy. (Operation Avalanche) This goes pretty well with for us. Explain- They collapsed they became allies with us but Germany came and controlled a good chunk.
Mussolini tries to escape ad get out of Italy but he is captured and hung in Milan, 1945
Italy and the Holocaust- In 1938, Mussolini instituted laws discrimination the Jews. 46,00 Jews in Italy at that time. After the fascist government fell when the US invaded (1943), the Germans moved in and took control and started shipping Jews to camps outside Italy.
Why did Italy Lose- Italy was not prepared militarily to fight a prolonged war. Germany had to constantly bail Italy out. Italian troops were spread to thin- Africa, Mediterranean, Albania, Greece, Soviet Union, France, Battle of Britain.
Impact WWII Had on Italy- 410,000 dead- 330,000 Military deaths . Spent $94 Billion. Italy had joined the Allies by 1943 so the big concern for the US was making sure Italy became a democracy after the war and not fall to communism. US gave millions of dollars to Italy (Marshall Plan) to help rebuild after the war. Became north Atlantic treaty organization NATO in 1949. Gets troops from member nations. Joined United nations
Thursday-
Japan WWII-Pearl Harbor, Hermashima, Killing of Chinese, Death Camps, Treatment of Woman, Midway.
Japan was running rampage in the South Pacific.
Areas Controlled by Japan during WWII 1937-1945
- Several Regions in China
- French Indochina (Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos)
- Hong Kong
- Thailand- as an "allied" state although induced
- British New Guinea
- Philippines
- Guam
- Dutch East India
- Portuguese Timor
- Malaya
- Andaman and Nicobar Island
- Straits Settlements
- Kingdom of Sarawak
- Bruneo
- North Borneo
- Nauru
- Imphal
- Wake Island
- Gilbert and Ellice Islands
- Christmas Island
- Attu and Kiska Islands
China was a lot bigger
Germany and Japan started off very well Japan was defiantly more advance than china Size and numbers they bit up more than they could chew. Doolittle raid we dropped some bombs on Japan. They attacked us because we cut off there oil supply. So they attacked us to get their oil back.
Japan in the 1920's- Commodore doughy. African China they are being taken over by European powers. Shocked the world when China defeated Russia. At the Paris peace conference they left in protest because they thought they were disrespected.
Joined the League of Nations. Signed the 4, 5 and 9 Power Pacts
4 Power Pact- US, GB, France and Japan would respect each other's possessions in the Pacific.
5 Power Pact-US, GB, France and Japan, Belgium, Netherlands, Portugal an China agree to Open Door Policy and guarantee Chinese independence.
Signed the Kellogg- Briand Pact
What would cause Japan to change in 4 years 1927 - 1931- Great Depression- It impacted everyone Japan was hit hard. WE put high terrifs and Japan was hit very hard by that. Military had a suggestion, that answer was China and they invaded China. They flip in four Years.
Cartoon- Breaks all their promises they signed over all the years because they think they need to to survive. Japan took over Korea.
Japanese Invasion of Manchuria-1931 win win for Japan. They used Manchuria as a base to invade the rest of China.
Cartoon- the sleeping giant begins to feel it. Japan is just cutting off their tale a little bit.
Friday-
No school
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