Monday- absent
Chapter 17 Notes (continued)
Tara's Notes:
Response to Martin Luther's Theses
- Pope Leo X excommunicated Luther
- Holy Roman Emperor Charles V issued the Edict of Worms
- Declared Luther an outlaw and heretic and ordered his works to be burned
- Prince Frederick the Wise of Saxony disobeyed the emperor and hid Luther for a year in Wart burg Castle
Peace of Augsburg
- After years of fighting between German Catholic and Lutheran (Protestant) princes, Charles V defeated the Lutheran princes
England Becomes Protestant
- England broke away for political and personal reason, unlike Luther and Germany
- King Henry VII feared that his wife Catherine of Aragon was to old to bear a son for him which would leave no male heir to the throne which would lead to a civil war
- They only had 1 child, a daughter Mary
- King Henry VIII wanted to divorce Catherine and have his marriage annulled by the Pope, who refused to do so
Catherine of Aragon
- Daughter of King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain
The Reformation Parliament
- Upset with the Pope, King Henry VIII took matters into his own hands
- King Henry VIII called Parliament into session to pass a set of laws that took the Pope's power away in England
- King Henry VIII married Anne Boleyn and shortly thereafter, Parliament okay-ed his divorce from Catherine
The Act of Supremacy
- Called on people of England to recognize his divorce and marriage to Anne Boleyn
- Parliament recognized King Henry VIII as the "supreme Head of the Church of England"
Anne Boleyn's Troubles
- Anne gave birth to Elizabeth and then had 3 miscarriages
- King Henry VIII started courting Jane Seymour and had to find a way to end hi marriage to Anne
- He charged her with treason which included adultery, incest, and plotting to kill the king
- Anne was found guilty and was beheaded
Jane Seymour
- Married King Henry VIII shortly after Anne's death
- Jane did bear Henry a son- Edward
- Jane died 2 weeks later
- King Henry married 3 more times but had no more children
King Henry VIII Video
Tuesday- King Henry VIII Video
Wednesday-
Chapter 17 Notes (continued)
- King Edward VI
- In power from 1547-1553
- King Henry VIII died in 1547 and each of his three children (King Edward VI, Queen Mary I, and Queen Elizabeth I) took the throne one after the other
- King Edward, son of Jane Seymour, was first and was just nine when he took the throne and died six years later due to sickness
- Edward was led by a lot of advisers who were strong Protestants and thus passed a lot of laws strengthening the religion in England
- Queen Mary I
- In power from 1553-1558
- Mary was the daughter of Catherine of Aragon
- First Queen of England
- She was a Catholic who returned the English Church to the rule of the pope
- Her efforts met with considerable resistance within England
- Mary had many Protestants executed and was called Bloody Mary as a result
- Queen Elizabeth I
- In power from 1558-1603
- Restored Protestantism to England
- In 1559, Parliament set up the Church of England, or Anglican Church, with Elizabeth as its head
- This was the only legal church in England
- Elizabeth did make some deals to appease both Protestants and Catholics when forming the Anglican Church
- She was queen when England began thinking about colonizing America
Thursday-
Chapter 17 Notes (continued)
- John Calvin and Calvinism
- The Anabaptists
- As more people read the bible and started interpreting the bible for themselves, more offshoots of Christianity appeared
- Believed only adults should be baptized
- The word "Anabaptists" comes from a Greek word meaning "baptize again"
- Believed in separation of church and state
- Did not believe in fighting wars
- Persecuted by both Catholics and Lutherans
- Became the forerunners of the Mennonites and the Amish
- Their teachings influenced Quakers and Baptists, groups who split from the Anglican Church
- The Catholic Reformation
- It is important to remember that most Europeans remained devout Roman Catholics during this time
- The Jesuits were a Catholic group that focused on three activities:
- 1. They founded superb schools throughout Europe
- 2. The Jesuits worked to convert non-Christians to Catholicism, so they sent out missionaries around the world
- 3. They worked to stop the spread of Protestantism
- Council of Trent
- 1563
- The Church's interpretation of the Bible was final
- Any Christian who substituted his or her own interpretation was a heretic
- Christians needed faith and good works for salvation
- They were not saved by faith alone, as Luther argued
- The Bible and Church tradition were equally powerful authorities for guiding Christian life
- Indulgences were valid expressions of faith
- The false selling of indulgences was banned
- The Legacy of the Protestant Reformation
- Religious and Social Effects of the Reformation
- Catholic Church is unified, Protestant denominations grow
- Catholics and Protestants create schools throughout Europe
- Status of women does not improve
- Political Effects of the Reformation
- Catholic Church's power lessens, power of monarchs and states grow
- Reformation's questioning of beliefs brings intellectual ferment
- Late 18th century sees a new intellectual movement- the Enlightenment
- Religious and Social Effects of the Reformation
Friday- no school
Comments