Week of March 14-18

[2Claire]

Monday: We discussed forum posts and talked about the United States.

Tuesday: We continued with the United Stated power point. 

Wednesday: Mr. Bruns talked about the U.S. Power point.

Thursday: We watched a video on St. Patrick's Day. We also talked about the declare of a genocide. Also, we continued the U.S. power point. 

Friday: We finished the US power point.

Main Powers: Great Britain, Soviet Union, United States, China, and France

Others: Belgium, Denmark, Greece, Canada, Australia, Mexico

United States: 

-Major events that impacted their country between WWI and WWII.

• US never signed the Treaty of Versailles
  • Wilson vs Congress
  • Join the League of Nations or go back to isolationism
  • The US went back to focusing on American in the 1920's and 30's
• Washington Naval Conference 19-21-1922
  • 4 Power pact
    • US, GB, France, and Japan would respect each other's possessions in the Pacific
  • 5 power pact
    • GB, US, Japan, France, and Italy
      • designed to prevent an arm's race
      • it limited the construction of battleships, battle cruisers, and aircraft carriers
      • Did not restrict cruisers and destroyers
  • 9 power pact
    • guaranteed Chinese Independence and upheld the Open Door Policy
    • signed by US, GB, Japan, China, France, Italy, Belgium, Netherlands, and Portugal
  • Kellog- Briand Pact
    • The US did sign thus pact denouncing war as a means to settle disputes
• Neutrality in General
  • The neutrality acts were passed by the US in response to the issues in Europe and Asia that eventually led to WW2
  • they were caused by the desire to be isolationist in the US following WW2
  • passed to ensure that the US would not become involved in world conflicts
  • Neutrality Act of 1935- stop trading with countries at war
  • Neutrality Act of 1936- stop loaning money to countries at war
  • Neutrality Act of 1937- Cash and Carry System- weapons not included
  • Neutrality Act of 1939- Cash and Carry system- weapons included
• Quarantine Speech- 1937
  • closing countries off- picking sides
• Panay Incident- December 1937
  • American gunboat attacked on river in China by Japan
  • Japan said it was an accident and paid US $$
  • worsened US- Japan relationship
• Bases for destroyers
  • passed in September, 1940 between the US and GB
    • Fifty US destroyers to GB in exchange for land rights for 99 years for naval or air bases
• Lend- Lease Act- March, 1941
  • sell, lend, or give war materials to nations the US wanted to support
• Atlantic Charter
  • signed in August 1941 between the US and GB
  • defined the allied goals for the post-war world
    • similar to Wilson's 14 points

• Pearl Harbor- December 7, 1941
  • was not the only area that Japan attacked December 7
  • "Yesterday the Japaneses Gov't also launched an attack against Malaya"
    • Hong Kong
    • Guam
    • Philippine Islands
    • Wake Island
    • Midway Island
  • After Japan invaded French Indochina in 1940, US stopped trading with Japan
  • Japan signed the Soviet-Japanese Neutrality Pact in April, 1941 guaranteeing that Japan and USSR would not go to war
  • Japan realized they needed US trade to be successful in war
  • Only way that this plan was a huge risk, but thought it was the only way to defeat US
  • Plan backfire. Instead, Japan "awoke a sleeping giant"
  • Back door to war conspiracy
• Battle of Midway- June 1942- Major turning point in Pacific
  • magic- we won
    • code name of interception of Japanese code- knew when they were attacking

Great Britain

-Major events that impacted their country between WWI and WWII.

• The independence of Ireland
• Further Expansion of the British Empire
• General strike in 1926
• Great Depression of the 20th century
• huge unemployment rate
• signs of threat from Germany
• Neville Chamberlain's policy of appeasement

-Discuss basic facts: alliance, total casualties, total cost, war goals, etc

• signed the 4, 5, and 9 power pacts
• Joined the League of Nations
• Signed the Kellogg-Briand Act

-Tell us about their leader(s) during WWII

• Neville Chamberlain
  • -background
    • first leader till forced out and Churchill took over
  • -how they came to power
  • -how they lost power
• • Winston Churchill
    • -background
      • he was sick a lot- fascinated by militarism
      • very wealthy
    • -how they came to power
      • prime minister replacement for Chamberlain ti an all-party coalition gov't
    • -how they lost power
  • Clement Atlee
    • -background
      • brought electricity to GB
    • -how they came to power
      • took prime minister position from Churchill, one term
    • -how they lost power

-Discuss the impact of their Homefront and propaganda and what it was like in their country during the war

• people worked in factories 
• propaganda was trying to get people to join the war

-Discuss major battle strategies

• Scorched Earth- burned enemies crops
• War declaration on Germany in 1939
• Evacuation of British Soldiers form Belgium

SEE 4,5,and 9 PACTS

-Discuss major battles that the country was involved in

• Battle of Britain
  • 57 days
  • Hitler wanted air superiority over royal Air forces and Britain
  • The Luftwaffe targets RAF airfields and raids cities
  • The British people show great resistance to the assault
  • Germany fails to destroy British air defenses

-Discuss other people/generals from their country in WWII that had a major impact on the war

• Bernard Montgomery
  • most famous GB general
  • British Field Marshall 

-Discuss why they won or lost the war

-Discuss the impact WWII had on the country

• had to rebuild many schools
• lost leading position in the world
• lost many colonies
• new international peace organization

Soviet Union (look at presentation)

• USSR prior to WW11
  • Russia drops out of WW1 to fight Bolshevik Revolution
  • Russia became communist and changed name to USSR in 1922
  • Purges and deportations to save labor camps in Siberia(Gulags)
  • Strengthened the intelligence and secret service
  • created a "Cult of Personality"
  • Nationalization and Collectivization of the Soviet economy
  • Industrialization of the Soviet economy
  • Five year plans
  • Policies led to famine in Ukraine (5-10 million died-considered a genocide by some)
  • Banned religion
• USSR in WW2
  • signed German-Soviet Non-aggression Pact in 1939 leading the invasion of Poland
  • Also invaded Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Finland in 1939
  • Signed Neutrality Pact with Japan in 1941
  • Invaded by Germany in June, 1941
  • Stalin instituted his retreat and "scorched earth" policies
  • The Russian winter of 1941-42 changed the tide of the war
• Operation Barbarossa
  • Stalingrad
    • Germany had 90% of the city
    • If any Soviet soldiers retreat- killed
      • they stayed and fought
    • Germans couldn't get supplies 
  • Moscow
    • was bombed
    • Germany got close to Moscow
  • Leningrad
    • Germany surrounded the city-bombed city- starved people to death

France

• was invaded of May in 1945
• France was taken over in a moth-surrendered 
• built a wall between GB and Germany-stop invasion
• Germany invades GB through Belgium
• Germany had control of France for 4 years
• Free French Underground- Charles De Gaulle- in London (another country)
• Vichy Gov't- Marshall Petain- Vichy is a city in central France- allies with Germany