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Week of March 13-17

Posted by 4Anna on March 13, 2017 at 8:51am

Monday- Summarize and review of WWII movies.

  1. German invasion of USSR- June, 1941
    1. Final plan for Operation Barbarossa
      1. Code name for invasion of Soviet Union
      2. Largest land invasion in history
    2. Scorched Earth Policy
      1. As Soviet troops retreated, they burned everything

Tuesday- 

  1. Battle for Moscow
    1. The Soviet winter counteroffensive
      1. December 6, 1941- April 30, 1942
    2. The Russian winter sets in and makes a huge turning point in the war
  2. Battle of Stalingrad
    1. August 1942- February 1943
    2. Soviet Victory
    3. More than 1,830,000 killed or wounded
    4. More than 11,400 casualties each day
    5. The biggest defeat in the history of the German Army
    6. The turning point not only on the Eastern Front, but also the turning point of WWII
  3. Siege of Leningrad
    1. On August 30th, 1941, the Germans took over Leningrad's railroads, cutting them off from the rest of Russia and the world. 
    2. Unlike the Battle of Stalingrad, the Germans surrounded the city to starve the city into submission 
    3. Between November 1941 and October 1942, 641,000 people died of starvation
    4. People resorted to eating rats, wallpaper paste and some resorted to cannibalism
    5. A successful Russian counter-offensive at Stalingrad forced the Germans to move troops there and eventually, the siege failed
    6. The Germans never took Leningrad, but it was one of the most costly conflicts Russia had ever faced-over one million died

Wednesday- 

  1. North Africa Campaign
    1. June 1940- May 1943
    2. Two major generals
      1. Gen. Bernard Montgomery ("Monty")- British
      2. Gen. Erwin Rommel ("the Desert Fox")-Italy
  2. Operation Torch
    1. November, 1942
    2. US and British forces invade North Africa
    3. By May, 1943, Axis forces surrendered in North Africa
    4. The campaign would now shift to the islands in the Mediterranean Sea and Italy
  3. The Italian Campaign "Operation Avalanche" Europe's "Soft Underbelly"
    1. Allies plan assault on weakest Axis area- North Africa - Nov. 1942- May 1943
    2. George S. Patton leads American troops
    3. Germans trapped in Tunisia - surrender over 275,000 troops
  4. By June 5, 1944 Rome was free from Axis powers
  5. The Atlantic Wall
    1. Ran from Norway to Spain
    2. Was used to guard against the allied invasion
    3. had mines, barbwire and spent to protect from an invasion
  6. Gen. Eisenhower gives orders for D-Day ("operation overlord")
    1. Invasion of France
    2. June 6, 1944
  7. July 20, 1944 Assassination Plot
    1. Major Claus von Stauffenberg
      1. Set briefcase with bomb in front of Hitler
  8. The Liberation of Paris
    1. August 25, 1944
  9. The Battle of the Bulge
    1. Hitler's Last Offensive
    2. December 16, 1944 to January 28, 1945
    3. Bloodiest battle for the U.S. 
  10. U.S. and Russian Soldiers meet at the Elbe River (in Germany)
    1. April 25, 1945
    2. Russian Soldiers wanted to invade Berlin
  11. Hitler commits suicide
    1. April 30, 1945
  12. V-E day 
    1. May 8, 1945
    2. Victory in Europe Day
    3. Germany signs the armistice

Thursday- 

  1. The Holocaust
    1. The genocide of approximately six million European Jews during World War II
    2. A program of systematic state-sponsored extermination by Nazi Germany throughout Nazi-occupied territory
    3. Approximately 2/3 of the population of nine million Jews who had lived in Europe before the Holocaust died.
    4. Some say that the definition of the Holocaust should also include the Nazis' killing of millions of people in other groups from Germany and other occupied territory
    5. By this definition, the total number of Holocaust victims would be between 11 million and 17 million. 
    6. Genocide
      1. Genocide means any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group, as such
        1. killing members of the group
        2. Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group
        3. deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part
        4. Imposing measure intended to prevent births within the group
        5. forcible transferring children of the group to another group
    7. Aryan Race
      1. Nazis used term to refer to a so-called master race that originated around Germany
      2. Perfect Aryan was blonde, blue-eyed, tall and muscular
      3. The original term refers to a people speaking Indo-European dialect
    8. Inferior according to Hitler
      1. Jews(6 million dead)
      2. Gypsies(500,000 to 1.5 million)
      3. Mentally/Physically handicapped people(75,000 to 250,000)
      4. Soviet Slavs/POW's/Troops-(16.5 million)
      5. Poles(2.5 million dead)
      6. Homosexuals(5-15 thousand dead)
      7. Communists/socialists(many but number not confirmed)
      8. Dark skinned people(death and forced sterilization)
      9. Mixed races-"The mulatto children came about through rape or the white mother was a whore," Adolf Hitler
      10. Jehovah's Witnesses(2,500-5,000)
    9. Lebensborn-Fount of Life
      1. The program aimed to promote the growth of "superior" Aryan populations by providing excellent health care and living conditions to women and by restricting access to those deemed "fit"
      2. Houses were set up throughout Germany and many occupied territories
      3. Many Lebensborn children were born to unwed mothers which helped lead to many rumors of rape
      4. Contrary to widespread rumors, women were not forced to have relations with Aryan Germans
    10. Hitler's Jewish Question-1933
      1. What should we do with the Jews?
        1. Nazis "temporarily"suspend civil liberties for all citizens in 1933- never restored
        2. The Nazis set up the first concentration camp at Dachau in 1933. the first inmates are 200 communists
        3. Jews are prohibited form working as civil servants, doctors in the National Health Service, and teachers in public high schools
        4. Jewish students banned from school
        5. Nuremburg Laws-1935
          1. Took Jews German citizenship away
          2. Defined who a Jew was
          3. Eventually anyone with at least one Jewish grandparent was at risk
          4. Jews could only marry Jews
          5. No relations between non-Jews and Jews
        6. 1936- Nazis boycott Jewish-owned businesses
        7. Kristallnacht-1938
          1. Night of the Broken glass
          2. On the nights of November 9 and 10, 1938, the Nazis roamed through Jewish neighborhoods breaking windows of Jewish businesses and homes, burning synagogues and looting
          3. In all, 101 synagogues were destroyed and almost 7,500 Jewish businesses were destroyed
          4. 26,000 Jews were arrested and sent to concentration camps
          5. Jews were physically attacked and beaten and 91 died in the attack

Friday- 

  1. 1938- Continued
    1. All Jewish children are expelled from public schools in Germany and Austria
    2. Nazis take control of Jewish-owned businesses
  2. 1939
    1. Hitler orders the systematic murder of the mentally and physically disabled in Germany and Austria
    2. Jews are required to wear armbands or yellow stars
  3. 1940
    1. Nazis begin deporting German Jews to Poland
    2. Jews are forced into ghettos
    3. Nazis begin the first mass murder of Jews in Poland
  4. 1941
    1. Jews throughout Eastern Europe are forced into ghettos
    2. In two days, German units shoot 33,771 Ukrainian Jews at BabiYar- the largest single massacre of the Holocaust
    3. The death camp at Chelmno in Poland begins murdering Jews
  5. 1942
    1. Nazi officials announce "Final Solution" - their plan to kill all European Jews
    2. Five death camps begin operation in Poland: Majdanek, Sobibor, Treblinka, Belzec, and Auschwitz-Birkenau
    3. Ghettos of Eastern Europe are being emptied as thousands of Jews are shipped to death camps
    4. The United States, Great Britain, and the Soviet Union acknowledge that Germans are exterminating the Jews of Europe
  6. 1943
    1. Jews in the Warsaw Ghetto resist as the Nazis begin new rounds of deportation. These Jews hold out for nearly a month before the Nazis put down the uprising
  7. 1944
    1. Hitler takes over Hungary and begins deporting 12,000 Hungarian Jews each day to Auschwitz where they are murdered
  8. 1945
    1. Hitler is defeated and World War II ends in Europe
    2.  the Holocaust is over and the death camps are found and emptied
    3. Many survivors are placed in displaced persons camps until they find a country willing to accept them
  9. Some 850,000 people lived in displaced person camps across Europe
    1. Armenians, Poles, Latvians, Lithuanians, Estonians, Yugoslavs, Jews, Greeks, Russians, Ukrainians, and Czechoslovaks
  10. 1947
    1. The United Nations establishes a Jewish homeland in British-controlled Palestine, which becomes the State o Israel in 1948

Italy's WWII Story-Benito Mussolini-IL Duce- 1919-1945

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