Monday-
Americans and Filipinos on the death march, May 1942. Bataan death march, 10,000 Filipinos and 650 American POW's died during the march.
Doolittle's Raid-April, 1942, we wanted to bomb Tokoyo as soon as we could after Peral Harbor, wanted to bring the moral up in the United States.
Battle of Coral Sea- First turning point in the war,off the coast of Austrailia, It ended in a stalemate, we considered it a victory because we stopped the Japanese from advancing. The US did more damage than the Japanese. Battle of the sky.
Battle of Midway-June 1942- Major Turning Point in Pacific, The islands were used for airplane strips. Island hopping, we would hop from island to sland in order to attack, we did very well after this battle, and Japan struggled. We did good at Midway because we broke their code, so we saw the attack coming, we did lots more damage than they did.
Guadalcanal-August, 1942- February 1943, We won.
Amphibian Tractors come ashore at Guadalcanal, they were used on land and in water.
Kamikazes- suicide airplanes, they would pack themselves with explosives and fly right into ships.
Tuesday-
Battle of Leyte Gulf- Philippines, October 1944- we took the Philippines back from Japan, MacArthur's Return to the Philippines.
Iwo Jima- February-March 1945, D-day style invasion, Famous because of the flag raising event. Japan was told to wait until we thought we took it over and then attack. almost 7000 US soldiers died.
Flags of our fathers-Movie
Battle of Okinawa- April-June 1945, we won by invading it.
Preparing for the Invasion of Japan- Operation Downfall- Planned for October 1945
estimated to have over 1 million casualties, Estimated to have 267,000 deaths
It never took place because we had the atomic bombs.
The Manhattan Project- 1939-1945, Einstein wrote the president a letter and then the president signed off on this.
Trinity Test- July 16, 1945, General Grossman was the head of the scientists, we were worried about the Soviet Union finding out about the bomb, so we used code names for it. It was based in Mexico. The B-29 was used to drop the bomb, Paul Tibbits flew the plane.
Little Boy was the name of the bomb dropped on Hiroshima. The atomic Shadow- the blast was so hot that it would burn shadows to the ground,
Radiation Sickness- people would get cancer because of the radiation because of the blast.
Nagasaki- Fat Man, the photography plane was actually there, it didn't do as much damage because they couldn't see the target, the piolit got court marshalled because they went against orders.
VJ Day- August 14/15 1945 (Official UK), September 2, 1945 (Official for US)- When Japan officially signed on USS Missouri
Wednesday-
Postdam Conference- July, 1945- On July 25, the United States, Great Britian, and China issued the Potsdam Declaration
Announced the terms for Japan's surrender. "We will not deviate from them. There are no alternatives."
Dismantle the current governement of Japan( excluding Emperor Hirohito), The Allies(US) will occupy Japan, Japan will consist only of the major islands, It will lose the islands they gained in WWII and the years leading up to, Japanese military forces will be disarmed and allowed to return home, There will be war crimes trials for the atrocities comitted by Japan throuhgout WWII, Democracy will be promoted as well as Freedom of speech, religion, and of thought, as well as respect for fundamental human rights( Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948), Japan will be allowed to have industry so they can make money to pay war reparations, Allied(US) occupation of Japan (1945-1952) will end once Japan accomplishes all the above points.
Italy's WWII Story- Benito Mussolini- II Duce 1919-1945-
Italy was very displeased with the Treaty of Versailles
Italy wanted to get more land than they got, Italy joined the League of Nations and was a member from 1919 until they withdrew in 1937
Washington Naval Conference- 5 Power Pact, Limit Naval size,
9 Power Pact- Open door policy, Chinese independence
Kellogg Pact- Saying that war won't settle disputes,
1939 the Kellogg Brand Pact was officially a failure.
Thursday-
March on Rome- October 1922, a march by Benito Mussolini's National Fascist Party, Mussolini and the fascists won and took over Italy. King Victor Emmanuel- did not fight Mussolini's take over in Italy, wanted to avoid civil war and also wanted to keep communists out of Italy. Saw Mussolini as the person that could do these things.
Mussolini and the Catholic Church-In 1929, the Lateran Accords were signed, Gave the vatican specific territories in Rome, Catholicism became the state religion, Seperation of chrch and state was stopped, Recognition of religious marriages for the first time since 1870, Catholic church was given a lot of money, Official support from the Catholic church.
Established Fascism in Italy- A government led by a strong dictator, stressed strong nationalism, militarism, and imperialism, wanted to dominate the Mediterranean area and Africa, Re-establish the Roman Empire, Used intimidation to get what they want,
"All within the state, nothing outside the state, nothing against the state."-Benito Mussolini
Etthiopia invaded by Mussolini 1935- Italy lost it's Ethiopia colony in Africa at the 1896 Battle of Adwa, One of the worst colonial disasters of modern histor, In 1935, Italy sends large forces into Ethiopia.
Nov. 18, 1935, league of Nations sanctions begin, Arms embargo, financial embargo, non-importation of Italian goods.
Feb 29, 1936, FDR signed the 1936 Neutrality Act, Mandatory arms embargo with warring nations, Mandatory ban on loans to warring nations. 1936 Italy took it over.
Generlissimo Francisco Franco and the Spanish Civil War- 1936, Hitler and Mussolini sent troopps and weapons to help Franco win the civil war against communists, this war served as an important training fround for Hitler and Mussolini's troops.
Rome-Berlin Axis-1936-Japan joins in 1940.
Italy's Goals in WWII- Make a new Roman Empire, Make the Mediterranean an " Itaniam Lake" Take over North African colonies of Britain and France-especially Egypt, Take over southeastern Europe-Grece adn Albania, take over parts of the Middle East.
Friday-
The World Wars episode
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