Monday- NO SCHOOL
Tuesday- Talked about forum posts from our class. Bruns presented in class.
Wednesday- Bruns continued presenting in class.
Thursday- Bruns finished presenting and we are planning for test days to be Friday and Monday.
Friday- Started taking 1930's test, we will continue on Monday.
New Deal
- FDR's plan to get us out of the Great Depression
How did the New Deal help?
- Unemployed people
- Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC)
- Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
- Federal Emergency Relief Act (FERA)
- Public Works Administration (PWA)
- Civil Works Administration (CWA)
- Work Progress Administration
- Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)
- Young people
- Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
- National Youth Administration (NYA)
- Banks
- Emergency Bank Relief Act (EBRA)
- Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
- Stock Market
- Federal Securities Act
- Securities Exchange Commission (SEC)
- Factory Workers
- National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA)
- National Labor Relations Act/Board (NLRA/B)
- Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA)
- Farmers
- Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)
- Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act
- Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)
- Farm Security Administration (FSA)
- Rural Electrification Administration (REA)
- Homeowners
- Home Owner's Loan Corporation (HOLC)
- Federal Housing Administration (FHA)
- United States Housing Authority (USHA)
- Elderly
- Social Security Administration (SSA)
- Consumers
- NIRA- Blue Eagle Codes
- Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA)
- Native Americans
- Indian Reorganization Act (IRA)
Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
- Passed in 1933 during the "One Hundred Days"
- The CCC was limited to young men age 18 to 25 hose fathers were on relief
- CCC members worked 40 hours a week and were paid $30 a month, with the requirement that $25 of that be sent home to family
- Members lived in camps, wore uniforms, and lived under military discipline
- The U.S. Army operated the camps
- Planted trees, fought forest fires, stopped soil erosion
- Helped construct military bases during WWII
- Funding stopped in 1942
- Their Slogan was "We can take it"
National Youth Administration (NYA)
- Established in 1935 and was a part of the WPA
- Pushed heavily by Eleanor Roosevelt (ER)
- Served 327,000 high school and college youth, who were paid $6 to $40 a month for "work study" projects at their schools
- It allowed thousands of young people to stay in school
- Another 155,000 boys and girls from relief families were paid $10 to $25 a month for part-time work that included job training
- Unlike the CCC, it included young women
- The youth normally lived at home, and worked on construction or repair projects
Federal Emergency Relief Act (FERA)
- Enacted in 1933
- FERA distributed more than 20 million dollars in direct aid to the unemployed
- This in turn would help the unemployed to find new jobs
- FERA had three primary objectives
- 1. Direct relief measures
- 2. provide work for employable people
- 3. provide many different types of relief programs
Public Works Administration (PWA)
- Created as many jobs as possible in many different varieties
- Great example of FDR's "priming the pump"
- Funded the construction of more than 34,000 projects including airports, dams, aircraft carriers, bridges, etc.
- Built new schools and hospitals
Civil Works Administration (CWA)
- Created construction jobs, mainly improving or constructing buildings or bridges
- Spent so much money in one year that is was cancelled
- Hired 4 million people and was mostly concerned with paying high wages
Work Progress Administration (WPA)
- Largest and most comprehensive New Deal Agency
- Provided jobs and income to the unemployed during the Great Depression
- Provided construction jobs for unskilled people
- Built roads, bridges, buildings, airport runways
- Produced works of art
- Helped artists, musicians, actors, and actresses get jobs
- Developed to giver artistic and professional work to the unemployed who qualified
Emergency Banking Relief Act (EBRA)
- Passed five days after taking office
- Passed in response to the thousands of banks that closed down
- Passed four days after FDR announced the Bank Holiday in his Fireside Chat, which closed banks down temporarily
- EBRA would close down the bank, reorganize it and then reopen the bank when it was stable
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
- Created by Glass-Steagull Act
- Insured people's money in banks up to $1000 (today $250,000)
- Passed in response to the bank failures after stock market crash
- Insures money in savings and checking accounts
Federal Securities Act
- Made the stock market a safer place for people to invest their money
- Two Goals
- 1. Required investors receive significant information about the company
- 2. Prohibited deceit, misrepresentations, and other fraud in the sale of securities to the public
Security and Exchange Commission (SEC)
- Organization that regulates the stock market
- Made the market more secure and safer for people's money
National Industry Recovery Act (NIRA)
- Enforced codes
- Established "cods of fair competition"
- Aimed at supporting prices and wages
- Stimulated economic recovery from the Great Depression
- Pay workers a fair wage, fair hours, and having the price of your products be fair
- Businesses who voluntarily complied received the Blue Eagle to put in their window
National Labor Relations Act/Board (NLRA/B)
- Conducts elections for unions
- Stresses collective bargaining
- Investigates and fixes unfair labor practices
- Governed by a five-person board
Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA)
- Established 40 hour work week
- Established a national minimum wage- 40 cents/hour
- Prohibited most child labor
Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)
- Restricted production by paying farmers to reduce the amount of crops planted
- Purpose was to reduce crop surplus to prices would go up
- Farmers were paid to leave their land untilled
- Oversaw large-scale destruction of existing crops and livestock to reduce surpluses
- Six million pigs and 220,000 sows were slaughtered
- People saw it as cruel - people were starving and government was destroying crops and livestock
- Successful- farm prices more than doubled
Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act
- Allowed government to pay farmers to reduce production
- Wanted to conserve soil and prevent erosion
- Educated farmers on how to use their lands without damaging them
- Planted trees and native grass
Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)
- Generated electric power and controlled floods in a seven state region
- America's largest pubic power company today
- Some criticized TVA for only helping a specific region and not the whole country
Rural Electrification Administration (REA)
- Provided farms with electric lighting and power and eventually telephone services
- Brought all electric appliances that the cities had
Farm Security Administration (FSA)
- Granted small farmers and tenant farmers money to purchase farms
- Farmers bought tractors with money from the AAA which forced tenant farmers off the land
- Provided relief to the farmers
Home Owner's Loan Corporation (HOLC)
- People couldn't afford their homes
- Required a 50% down payment and had to pay it off within 5-7 years
- Refinanced homes to prevent foreclosure
- Used to extend loans from shorter, expensive payments to longer, cheaper payments
Federal Housing Administration (FHA)
- Made housing standards better
- Improved housing standards and conditions
- Provided adequate home financing system
- Designed to help build affordable homes for lower class people
United States Housing Authority (USHA)
- Designed to lend money to states for low-cost home construction
- Designed homes for low-income and homeless people
Social Security Administration (SSA)
- Provided retirement, disability, and survivors' benefits
- People pay Social Security taxes on their earning and when they retirement or became disabled they started getting that money back
- Future benefits are based on employees' contributions
Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA)
- Gave food and drug administration power to regulate the industries
- Required a review of the safety of all new drugs before going to the market
- Banned false therapeutic claims in drug labeling
- Authorized factory inspections
- Set new regulatory standards for foods and cosmetics
Indian Reorganization Act (IRA)
- Allowed Native American to govern themselves on tribal basis
- Allowed Native Americans to manage and keep their own land
- Helped create job opportunities on Indian Reservations
Cartoon-California's strong financial institutions
- Banks have been closed
- prevented people from panicking and people going to withdraw money
- Closed banks temporarily and it is saying when it is reopened it will be safe
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