Monday-
Causes- Butcher Weyler
Jose Marti- he was a Cuban Nationalist. He wanted independence. They started destroying US property and making it look like Spain did it.
Yellow Press-They wanted to out do each other. The instigated the war. They would stretch the truth.
The US Maine sunk it. It was in the Havana Harbor to say don't mess with us.
President Mckinley- the letter De lome letter.The letter was written by a Spain authority. Said that Mckinley was weak
Anti-Imperialist- someone who didn't want to take over land. Teller Amendment- gave Cuba independence from us even when we won the war.
Fronts in the Spanish-American War-Philippines, Cuba, Puerto Rico
Rough Riders- he was high up in the Navy but he stepped down to lead the Rough Riders.
General Leonard Wood was Teddy Roosevelt's superior.
Treaty of Paris 1898- Brought an official end to the war. Spain gave Cuba independence (kind of)
US got control of the Philippines($20 million) Guam and Puerto Rico
10.3
Puerto Ricans were granted US citizenship in 1917. It is a US territory they have the same rights, but they can't vote for president.
Platt Amendment- it said that we can intervine with you rules. To help us and them. We also got a naval base. Guantanamo Bay. 1934 it was repealed.
Philippines- Mckinley didn't know what to do to Philippines. He wanted to Americanize them.Emilio Aguinaldo. The Philippines broke out in war with us because they realized that they weren't getting their independence.
12,000-20,000 Filipino soldiers died
200,000-250,000 Filipino civilians died.
They got their independence in July 4, 1946.
China-By the late 1800's it was looking as if China would be carved up like Africa had been.
Tuesday:
late 1800's, European powers are taking over China
Chinese people rebelled called the boxer rebellion
John Hay- open door policies, China should be open for everyone to trade with
Teddy Roosevelt- assumed presidency after McKinley was killed
Ended the Russo-Japanese War in 1905
Won the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts
Panama Canal
Roosevelt Corollary- addition to the Monroe Doctrine
The US would use force to protect interests in Latin America
Big Stick Diplomacy- have a big military but not showing it a lot of the time
Roosevelt sent big ships around the world to display the power that the US had
Using the US government to guarantee loans to foreign countries by US banks and businesses
Economic imperialism
US banks were in control of many businesses in Latin America
Substituting dollars for bullets
Wednesday:
Wilson's ethical and religious beliefs also influenced his foreign policy
Practiced missionary diplomacy
US would not recognize any government that was oppressive, undemocratic and hostile toward the US
Used extensively in Latin America
Pancho Villa-Mexican Expedition
Villa was pro-American at first but soon changed after Carranza asked US to control Mexican mines
Killed dozens of US citizens on two different occasions
President Wilson ordered General John Pershing to go into Mexico and capture Villa
Eventually the Mexican Army clashed with Pershing's forces
By 1917 both sides backed down WWI
Allied Powers- Great Britain, France, Italy, Russia until 1917, United States starting in 1917, Japan
Central Powers-Germany, Austria Hungary, Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire
Causes of WWI- MINES
M-militerism
I-imperialism
N-nationalism
E-economic competition, everyone was competing for colonies, resources, money
S-system of alliances
Thursday:
The Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand:
Gavrilo Princip was the assassin with two others helping him
Chain of Events leading to outbreak of war:
Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand
Austria-Hungary sends ultimatum to Serbia
Serbia refuses to accept ultimatum
Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia
Russia Mobilizes to support Serbia
Germany declars war on Russia
Hoped to knock Russia out of the war quickly to avoid a two fronted war
France enters war to help Russia
Great Britain enters war to help France after Germany attacks France through neutral Belgium
Weapons of world war one
Grenades- soldiers relied heavily on grenades
Flamethrowers- not safe in world war one
Tanks-Germany's first tank was made in 1917
Mustard gas-very dangerous and used to incapacitate the enemy
Torpedoes-used on ships mainly in WWI
Chlorine Gas-attacked the respiratory system
U-boats-submarine, stay underwater until seeing a ship and then destroying when coming up
Tanks- American tanks were first used as a shield and could move over trenches
Trench Warfare
Heavy Machine Guns-used for defence
Fighter and Bomber Planes-mainly dog fighting
Mortars
The Panzerschreck
Submarines
Blimp-carried bombs and machine guns
French field guns-cannons
Trench Raiding Club
Three types of trenches
Front line
Support
Reserve
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