Monday-
Semester test stuff-
-New/old Dip.
-Open door policy-china
-Dollar Dip.- Taft
-Big stick dip. -TR
-Roosevelt Corollary to Monroe doctrine -TR
-Missionary Dip. -Wilson
-War
-Spanish american war
-WWI
WWI
Know WWI key questions!!!
•Be able to identify characteristics of Europe in the late 1800’s and early 1900’s
- Very nationalistic
- Willing to go to war to protect interests and national honor
- Industrialization was occurring
- Population was increasing
- People were moving from rural areas to the city-urbanization
- Many people were in poverty
- Due to poverty, many people turned to labor unions and socialism
- Countries competed with one another for markets, raw materials and colonies
- Countries also traded a lot with each other
- Imperialism became common
- Created "spheres of influence" on Africa and Asia
- Alliances developed
- armies and navies were built up (militarism)
•Be able to identify the main causes of WWI and how they led to war
Militarism
Imperialism
Nationalism
Economic competition
S-Alliances
------------------------------
Assassination
•Be able to identify the countries of Europe during WWI and what alliance they belonged to
•Be able to explain what and where the Powderkeg of Europe is and why it was called that
Called Powederkeg because there were a lot of different races. The groups did not get along well..Also, if something were to happen, something big would happen. An "explosion" or war.
•Be able to identify the event that started WWI
Austria-Hungary
- It was a multi-national, dual monarchy
- it had eleven major ethnic groups
- Austrians and Hungarians were the largest
- No group made up a majority of the country
- Many different languages, religions and customs.
- The gov. hated nationalism. Why?
- The Gov. despised Serbians and Serbia
- "The Serbian Menace"
- Serbia wanted to make the Serbians living in Austria-Hungary, part of a "Greater Serbia"
- The Black Hand was created in Serbia
- Secret organization whose goal it was to unite all Serbs by any means necessary
- Gavrilo Princip killed Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife, Sophia in Sarajevo, igniting the Powderkeg, starting WWI
Chain of Events--
A. Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand.
B. Austria-Hungary sends ultimatum to Srbia
C. Serbia refuses to accept ultimatum
D. Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia.
1. Only after Germany gives them a promise of support
E. Russia mobilizes to support Serbia
F. Germany declares war on Russia
1. Hoped
•Be able to identify the goals of the war for countries involved
- Aren't many goals except for land and money
- France took land from Germany and other central powers.
- Great Britain wanted land
- Italy wanted land
- Russia wanted land
- Austria-Hungary wanted self preservation
- Germany wanted land
- United states wanted to win and end the war
•Be able to describe what fighting was like in WWI
Three types of trenches--
1. Front line
2. Support
3. Reserve
In between the trenches was known as "No Man's Land"
2. Support
3. Reserve
In between the trenches was known as "No Man's Land"
Trenches allowed for very high casualties.
Weapons in trenches and such--
- Flask
- Flare
- Trench club
- Handgun
- Bayonet
- Grenade launchers
- Pineapple grenade
- Gas mask
- Flamethrowers
- Machine guns
- US Browning M1917
- Really used on the front line, too big to carry
- Gas warfare
- Tear gas
- Temporary blindness greatly inflamed the nose. Irritate eyes and lungs. Wouldn't kill you
- Chlorine gas
- Could kill. Started internal bleeding
- Mustard gas
- Attacks on exposed moist skin. Eyes and such. Blistering you and internal bleeding. Could kill
- Tear gas
- Tanks
- British--"Little Willie"
- French--Renault Light
- Artillery guns
- German-"Big Bertha"
- US--"Calamity Jane Howitzer"
- Submarines
- German U-boats
- Zeppelins(Blimp)
- Bomb
- Spying
- Battleships
- Mines were used to sink battleship
- Depth charge attacks
- Airplanes
- SPAD XII
- Sopwith Pup
- Baron Manfred von Richthofen-German. Hes was the Red Baron
- Animals at war...
- Would use gas masks on animals to test if they worked or not.
Turkish Massacre of the Armenians
•Be able to identify the US policy that Wilson declared when WWI broke out in 1914
President Wilson declared that the U.S. was to b neutral when WWI broke out.
- 1. "Impartial in thought as well as in action"
- 2. Neutrality was successful for three years
1916 Election
-Woodrow Wilson (Democrat)-Incumbent
-Charles Evans Hughes (Republican)
-Wilson won because his platform: Kept us out of war
•Be able to identify why the US was drawn into war and why we drew closer to the Allied Powers
1. Great Britain and Germany were both stopping U.S. ships
--Eventually, U.S. drew closer to war and the Aliies
Why???
Why???
- German sinking of British ships and killing of U.S. citizens
- Lusitania, Arabic, Sussex
- Germany declared unrestricted submarine warfare
Sussex Pledge-
- President Wilson to Germany=" End the attack on unarmed ships or risk the severing of diplomatic relations"
- Germany responded on May 4, 1916 with the "Sussex Pledge" German submarine policy
- end sinking of passenger ships
- search merchant ships for contraband and make provisions for passengers and crews before sinking ship
- German guarantees were generally honored.
The Zimmerman note-
- In summary, German tried to get Mexico to declare war on the United States.
- Germany promised Mexico that they would get the Mexican Cession back if they won.
- Germany wanted to keep the US out of Europe
•Be able to analyze WWI propaganda, identify it goals and evaluate the effectiveness of it
•Be able to identify how the convoy system works and the effectiveness of it
•Be able to identify the importance of key people: Woodrow Wilson, Charles Evans Hughes, John Pershing, Ferdinand Foch, Bernard Baruch, Herbert Hoover, George Creel
•Be able to identify the costs of the war: US and grand total
•Be able to identify the actions we took at home to mobilize our country for war
•Be able to define what the Paris Peace Conference was
•Be able to describe Wilson’s 14 Points
•Be able to describe the Treaty of Versailles in detail and the impact it had on Germany and Europe
•Be able to describe why the US never ratified the Treaty of Versailles
Tuesday- Added to notes above
Wednesday- Added to notes above
Thursday- Added to notes above
Friday- Added to notes above
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