Monday -
Ten Events That Shaped US History to 1877
- Native Americans Coming and Going (Forced)(10,000 years ago) - Russia to Alaska (berning bridge) all the way to South America. Broke out into different cultures. Europeans and NA got along at first, but then it started to change when NAs realized Europeans wanted to come and get more land/kill (disease). Trail of Tears - NA's forced from east coast into Oklahoma (Indian territory) many were killed along the way. Europeans gave NA's disease, bought land from them (fought/lied), killed off buffaloes, traded with them. Promised farmland, told they would teach their kids.
- Exploration (1492-early 1600's) - Columbus - Founded the new world, trying to sail around the world to India, but went to US. Vikings came 500 years earlier. Magellan - first person to go around the world (died in Philippians) Proved the world was round. Sir Francis Drake had huge voyage.
- Colonization (early 1600's-1770's)
- Revolutionary War (1775-1783)
- US Constitution (1789)
- Westward Expansion (1800's)
- Texas War for Ind. (1835-36)/Mexican-American War (1846-1848)
- Civil War (1861-1865)
- Reconstruction (
Tuesday - Ten Events....... Continued
- Colonization (early 1600's-1770's) - North and South America Broken Apart. Spanish (Southwest United States, Central America, Western South America, Florida, Caribbean Islands), Portuguese (Modern Day Brazil), French (Part of Canada, Central United States, Great lake states), British (Canada, East Coast), Russian, Dutch Territory. Exploration - to get back home, colonization - to stay. Wanted to get rich, or wanted freedom of religion. 13 colonies - Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, Maryland, Delaware, New Jersey, Pennsylvania , Connecticut, Rhode Island, New York, Massachusetts, (There was no Maine at the time) West of that was Indian reserve.
- Revolutionary War (1775-1783) - Cause - The French and Indian War (We were British at the time/1754-1763) All of Canada went to Britain, The Proclamation of 1763, The Townshend Acts/tax on tea (1767), The Boston Massacre (1770) thought they heard to fire, a couple people were killed, The Boston Tea Party (1773)tea into harbor, The Intolerable Acts (1774) close down harbor/forced to take in soldiers, The first Congregational Congress (1774)(Gatson Flag/ used by tea party, snake became a symbol of the colonist, Ben Franklin's "Join, or Die" Cartoon, the flag was a symbol to strike back at Britain.
- US Constitution (1789) - John Hancock (fancy and biggest signature), to declare independence from Britain. First paragraph - When a country is so bad the people have the right to fight back (Great Britain is trying to control, and we have the right to fight back). Vast majority of it giving complaints that King George III has done badly. (One of the Main Reasons for Revolutionary War)
Questions - What is the US Constitution - Document that separates our government. Why did the US Constitution come about? Articles failed and founding fathers knew it had to change. What is Separation of Powers? Establishes the three branches of the government and each one with different powers. What is the Checks and Balance system? No branch can override the others. Legislative makes laws, executive can veto, judicial makes sure it goes with the law. Who was the "Father of the Constitution"? James Madison. What are the two houses of Congress? House of Representatives, and Senates. How man Senators? How is that number determined? 2 per state so 100 Senators. Why two houses? House (larger states), senate (equal), How many people are in the House of Representatives? How is that number determined? 435 people, based on population of the states. Length of term/ Age requirement - House - 1 term=2 years/25 years old - - Senate -1 Term = 6 years/30 years old (Iowa senators - Joni Ernst, Chuck Grassley. What powers does Congress have?
The Articles of Confederation -
1781-1788 (War ends 1783)
The Un-United States of America/ government had certain powers, states had more power than government because we just came out of being controlled by Britain and they didn't want that. Wanted their independence still. Tax each other, was a mess and it ended. Conventions ended it.
- Westward Expansion (1800's) -
- Texas War for Ind. (1835-36)/Mexican-American War (1846-1848)
- Civil War (1861-1865)
- Reconstruction (
Wednesday - Ten Events....... Con.
What powers does Congress have? Make laws, declare war, set taxes, override vetoes, borrow money, regulate international and national trade, and print money. (Dec 8th, 1941, was the last time congress declared war) *Bombing of pearl harbor.
What is the length of a President's term? 4 years. How old do you have to be to be President? 35 years old. What is the longest amount of time President can now serve? 10 years. precedent of the presidents (George Washington served 2 terms and stepped down). After WWII switched the rules to only 10 years. Which President served the longest in US History? How long? President Roosevelt and for 12 years. What powers does a President have? Veto laws, send troops. What are the qualifications for being in the US Supreme Court? Have to be a US citizen, no age limit, don't have to be a lawyer or judge. How do justices of the Supreme Court get their job? Presidents picks. How can a Supreme Court Justice lose his or her job? step down, impeached, die. What powers does the US Supreme Court have? Make sure laws are constitutional. Who is the current Chief Justice of the US Supreme Court? Justice John Roberts.
What is the US Constitution? What does it do?
- It is the supreme law of the United States
- It sets u[ our government and it's responsibilities
- It protects states and people's rights through the amendment process
- It is a "living" document (still use it today, and it can still be changed)
Bill of Rights - 1st ten ammendments
1. Freedom of speech, religion, press, proposition of the government
2. right to bear arms
3. Freedom of their house (no soldiers)
4. search and seizure
5. Grand Jury, Double Jeopardy, Self incrimination, Due Process
6. Criminal Prosecutions - Jury trial
8. No cruel or unusual punishment
10. Powers retained by the states and the people
Executive Branch - Commander in chief, grant pardons, Make treaties
Judicial Branch - decides cases of Constitutional law and federal law.
- Westward Expansion (1800's) - The west in 1790 was the Appellation Mountains, and just kept moving west. Why did people Move West? Gold rush, Religion, farming. Manifest Destiny - we have the right to control the west and take the land. Louisiana Purchase 1803 from France. After Lewis and Clark mapped the place and traded with Indians, and noted animals. Iowa, Louisiana, Arkansas, Oklahoma, Missouri, Colorado, Nebraska, Kansas, etc.
- Texas War for Ind. (1835-36)/Mexican-American War (1846-1848)
- Civil War (1861-1865)
- Reconstruction (
Thursday - Ten Events...... Con
Westward Expansion Con - Borders - Atlantic Ocean, Mississippi River, Great Lakes, Florida. Received Florida from Spain. (Little Areas from Spain), Oregon Territory treaty with Great Britain (Washington, Oregon, Idaho, some of Montana and Wyoming. Texas (1845) Mexican Cession in 1848. Gadsden Purchase from Mexico. Lewis and Clark new Louisiana and Oregon territory. Very dangerous and adventurous. A far trip.
- Texas War for Ind. (1835-36)/Mexican-American War (1835-36) Causes, and Results , Stephen F.Austin, Sam Houston
Causes -
New country, open up Texas for settlement and opened up for Americans. Certain rules. No slave, Have to be Roman Catholic, Catholics were persecuting in Britain. Alamo loss from Texas. For a while they used to be alone as Republic of Texas. The blue star was a symbol for the Dallas Cowboys football team. Texas won against Mexico.
A lot of disputes over the border. US said that Rio Grande was the border. And the Mexicans said it was further south. Poke sent troops further South and Mexicans thought they were invaded and so the Mexicans attacked. And Poke thought the Mexicans started it first and attached first. America won and bought some of Mexico cession.
- Civil War (1861-1865) -
a. Sectionalism - Started to see two sides, North - smaller farms, South - bigger farms (tobacco, cotton, indigo), new territories wanted to be a state which lead to empowerment issues, If one more state went into the North it would give them more power and overpower the South.
b. Slavery - South wanted slaves, they needed them more than the North.
c. States' Rights - Southern States felt like they were under power and they thought they had the right to do what they want.
d. Tariffs - On taxing, cotton, money is always going to be a issue.
e. Election of 1860 And Secession - Lincoln, North wanted to get rid of slavery. Lincoln talked about abolishing slavery in the new territories, not in the South. The South is going to lose power and end slavery so the South secess. Missouri wanted to come in as a slave state, to make sure they kept a equal power, Maine was turned into a non slavery state. Made a Missouri compromise, North of Missouri compromise was non slavery, and South was for slavery.
Compromise of 1850 - California became a state, and population boomed because of the gold rush. Any slave that moves North will be brought back down.
Dred Scott Decision - 1857
a. 7-2 Decision by the US Supreme Court
b. Supreme Court said that blacks were not US citizens and could not sue in court
c. Said that the government could not abolish slavery
d. Suddenly, slavery could be open anywhere (Greatly upset abolitionists)
Confederate States of America (separate country)
Lincoln viewed them as rouged states. (bad states)
North - The goal was to save the Union (country)
South - The goal was to keep their way of life
South does better at first - The North had more resources, Abundant resources, Larger population, emergence of new military leaders, leadership of Lincoln, determination of African Americans to end slavery. South didn't have a lot of crops (cotton, tobacco, and indigo) better allies (Europe), had a better reason.
- Reconstruction (1865 - 1877)
Friday - Gone
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