Monday- Continued notes on Japan.
Tuesday- Started presentation on Germany.
Wednesday- Career Fair
Thursday- Continued Germany presentation.
Friday- Continued presenting on Germany.
JAPAN CONTINUED
-Discuss major battle strategies
- Japan wanted to secure resources in Southeast Asia and China
- Wanted to establish a "Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere"
- Attacked Pearl Harbor in 1941 to neutralize the U.S. on their way to occupy Malaya and many other territories
- Why did Japan attack Pearl Harbor?
- Japan realized they needed US trade to be successful in war
- They wanted to hit US hard in a surprise attack to force them out of the war
- They knew the plan was a big risk
- Backfired, they awoke a sleeping giant
- Kamikazes
- Japanese fighter planes
- Strap explosives to their planes and then would crash making the explosives explode
- Killed the pilot
- Hiroshima
- Little Boy
- Exploded
- Nagasaki
- Big boy
- Imploded
- VJ Day
- When Japan officially signed on USS Missouri
- September 2
- Potsdam Conference
- Discussed Japans terms for surrender
- Dismantle the current government of Japan
- The Allies will occupy Japan
- Japan will consist of only major islands
- Japanese military forces will be disarmed and allowed to return to home
- War crime trials for the atrocities committed by Japanese soldiers
- Discussed Japans terms for surrender
-Discuss major battles that the country was involved in
- Pearl Harbor
- December 7, 1941
- Japanese fighter planes attacked the naval base in Hawaii
- Japan attack U.S. to keep them out of the war
- Japan realized they needed US trade to be successful in war
- Wanted to hit US hard to force us out of war
- Plan backfired and they awoke a sleeping giant
- Battle of Midway
- June 3, 1942
- Fought by U.S. and Japan
- Midway was the last American base in the Pacific and Yamamoto(Japanese military leader) wanted to take it away
- U.S. won- won easy because we broke their codes
- Battle of Iwo Jima
- Happened from February 19th-March 26th of 1945
- One of the most famous battles of the Pacific War
- U.S. won
- Battle of Coral Sea
- First turning point in the war
- Stalemate-Nobody won
- We felt like we won
- Battle of Okinawa
- US island-hopping their way to Japan
-Discuss other people/generals from their country in WWII that had a major impact on the war
- Tokyo Rose
- Host of "Zero Hour"
- Demoralize American soldiers
- Made them homesick
- Committed of treason
- Isoroku Yamamoto
- Commander in Chief
- Led attack on Pearl Harbor
- Consolidate and expand
- Led attack on Midway island
-Discuss why they won or lost the war
- Lost
- Lack of production/technology
- Japan awoke a sleeping giant
- Production-lacking
- Tanks
- Weapons
- Lack of Technological advancement
- Radar
- Tanks
- Bombing of Hiroshima
- Broken Codes
- Magic- allowed us to break their codes
- Failure to break our codes
-Discuss the impact WWII had on the country
- Japan was devastated
- Continued to have shortage of food
- Eventually lost all land they had taken over
- Many of their cities the industries, and transportation networks were severely damaged
GERMANY
-Major events that impacted their country between WWI and WWII.
- Weimar Republic
- Government set up after Treaty of Versailles
- Nazi Party
- Pressure the Weimar Republic
- Ruling Class
- Blamed Jews
- Pressure the Weimar Republic
- Beer Hall Putsch
- Hitler's arrest
- Where Nazi's gave all their speeches
- Push to take over German government-unsuccessful
- Mein Kampf (My struggle)
- Economy
- Mass unemployment
- Inflation
- Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact
- Russia gave raw materials to Germany in exchange for money and weapons
- Both agreed to stay neutral if the other entered the war
- Secretly agreed to invade and split Poland
- Germany would get western half and USSR would get eastern half
- How did the world react?
- Shock
- Poland was scared
- Hitler thought it would force Great Britain and France to back out of their promise to help Poland if attacked
-Discuss basic facts: alliance, total casualties, total cost, war goals, etc
- Casualties
- Military Deaths- 5,533,000
- Civilian and Military Deaths- 6,600,000-8,800,000
- Alliance
- Axis
- Germany, Italy, and Japan
- Weimar Republic
- Germany had never been a Democracy before
- President appoints judge and is commander in chief
- Chancellor was the head of the government
- Hitler came to power legally through the democracy as Chancellor
-Tell us about their leader(s) during WWII
- Adolf Hitler
- Was beaten as a child
- Was a painter
- Parents died as a young child
- He was a loner
- Found his calling in the military- loved WWI
- Sentenced for prison for 5 years- served 9 months
- Wrote Mein Kampf (My Struggle) while in prison
- Appointed Chancellor in 1933
- President dies shortly after and Hitler dissolves the Weimar republic
- Early actions of Hitler:
- Drops out of the League of Nations
- Starts rearming Germany
- Rearms the German Rhineland area
- Anschluss (Union) with Austria
- Union of countries
- The two are one
- Sudentenland Crisis
- "Re-uniting German speaking peoples"
- Munich Conference-Chamberlain: "Peace for our time"
- Hitler was given the Sudetenland
- Hitler promised that he was done taking over territories
- Hitler wanted to re-unite all German speaking people
- Became known as the "Policy of Appeasement"
- Hitler takes over all of Czechoslovakia
- Hitler Committed suicide
- April 30, 1945
- Took Cyanide pills and then shot himself
-Discuss the impact of their Homefront and propaganda and what it was like in their country during the war
- Homefront was filled with Nazi propaganda
- Nazi rallies and speeches given by Hitler
- Nazi Bride Schools
- Women went to school to learn how to be good housewives
- Enlistment age dropped to 13 years old
- Propaganda
- Persuade people to be anti-Jew
- Persuade people he was a nice person because he liked kids
- Militarism
- Portray Jews as evil
-Discuss major battle strategies
- Blitzkrieg (Lightning War)
- Small mobile forces
- Prevented Warlock
- Used against
- Poland
- Belgium
- Netherlands
- France
- Siegfried Line
- Fortifications that
- Stopped tanks
- stopped attacks
- Proved ineffective
- Fortifications that
- Maginot Line
- France wanted to protect themselves from Germany
- Guns could only face one way
- Germans came in from the other side and this was useless
- Atlantic Wall
- 2,000 mile long defense of
- Ran from France to Norway
- Failed
- Gun placements
- Tank traps
- Obstacles
-Discuss major battles that the country was involved in
- D-Day
- Allied had liberated North Africa and pressed into Italy
- 5 Point of attack
- Gold and Sword beaches were taken
- Battle of Britain
- First major military campaign in History to be fought entirely in the air
- Trying to win air superiority over South Britain and the English Channel
- Trying to destroy the British Air Force
- Constant bombing campaign of Great Britain by Germany
- Nazi Goals:
- Destroy the Royal Air Force
- Attack and destroy the British Navy
- Attack British troops
- One air control was gained, the invasion of Great Britain would begin
- *Did not succeed #1
- *German bombers did so poorly against the RAF that they only bombed at night
- Germany decided to focus on attacking British ships and ports and stopped attacking cities
- British won because Germany did not achieve their goals
- Operation Barbarossa
- Hitler launched his armies in a massive invasion of the Soviet Union
- Severely underestimated their opponent
- Biggest mistake
- Sitzkrieg
- The Phony War
- Everyone declared war but nothing was happening
- Battle of Moscow
- The Soviet Winter counteroffensive
- The Russian winter sets in and make it a huge turning point in the war
- Battle of Stalingrad
- Major battle in history
- Lost more people than the U.S. lost in all the wars combined
- Around 2 million deaths
- Siege of Leningrad
- City in the North
- Germans bombarded the city to starve them into submission
- Almost 700,000 people died of starvation
- People resorted to eating rats, wallpaper paste, and some resorted to cannibalism
- North Africa Campaign
- US fought the Germans in North Africa
- US won against the Germans
- Italian Campaign
- Operation Avalanche
- Invaded Italy after North Africa was free
- Italy surrendered
- Germany had taken control of Italy- they surrendered but were not free
- Assassination Plot
- Meeting with Hitler
- Let a bomb go off in the meeting
- Thought Hitler died
- Hitler survived and they knew they were in trouble for attempting to kill Hitler
- Liberation of Paris
- August 25, 1944
- Paris was freed
- Battle of the Bulge
- Hitlers last offensive
- Thought they could still win
- Worst battle for US in WWII- lots of casualties
- Failed
- Waste of lives
- 1939- Germany invaded Poland and Czechoslovakia
- 1940- Germany invaded Denmark, Netherlands, Belgium, France
- US and Russian Soldiers Meet at the Elbe River (In Germany)
- April 25, 1945
- Knew war was coming to an end at this point
-Discuss other people/generals from their country in WWII that had a major impact on the war
- Walter Von Brauchitsch
- Commander and Chief of the German Army
- Joseph Goebbels
- Minister of Propaganda
- Willhelm Keitel
- Chief of the High command of the Armed forces
- Erwin Rommel
- General
-Discuss why they won or lost the war
- Lost
- Supply lines were too long
- Russian winter (Germany not prepared)
- Troops too spread out (Not enough troops)
- Russia has too many soldiers
- Too many allied countries against Germany
-Discuss the impact WWII had on the country
- Germany got divided into four different zones
- Transformed in 15 years from a Nazi disaster zone to a prosperous immigration zone
- Germans both in East and West Germany turned away form militarism
What did the Treaty of Versailles to do Germany
- Germany lost land and colonies
- Lost land to
- France
- Belgium
- Denmark
- Military
- 100,000 men
- no tanks
- no air force
- only 6 capital naval ships
- Rhineland was made into a demilitarized zone
- Financial
- had to pay $33 billion to the Allies
- loss of vital industrial industrial territory
- General
- 1. Germany had to admit full responsibility for starting the war
- Germany was forbidden to unite with Austria
- A league of Nations was set up to keep world peaces
- Anger throughout Germany when the terms were made public
- Treaty was seen by many Germans as being forced on them
- Felt as though they had no choice but to sign it
- Many Germans did not want the Treaty signed
Holocaust
- Genocide of approx. six million European Jews during WWII
- Systematic state-sponsored extermination of Jews
- Hitlers goal was to kill all nine million Jews but he ran out of time
- US stopped him by winning the war
- 2/3 of the nine million Jews died
FRANCE
- Vichy France
- Hitler allowed the Vichy French to invade and take over
- Allied with the Nazi's
- Henry Petain was their leader
- US enemies
- The Free French
- US allies
- Lead by General Charles DeGaulle
- The Maquis
- Individual people forming secret group
- Group of underground French resistance members
- Fought back against German control
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