Week of April 3-7

[5Kara]

Monday- 

Chapter 18 and 10 Notes

• Why Did Exploration Start?
  • 1. Money- wanted to find new and quicker trade routes to Asia
    • Wanted spices such as nutmeg, ginger, cinnamon, and pepper to make their terrible tasting food better 
    • The overland trade was done between the Muslims in the Middle East and Italians
    • The Italians then charged higher prices to other Europeans for these goods
    • Other European traders from England, Spain, France, and Portugal looked to other routes in order to bypass the Italian merchants 
  • 2. To spread Christianity
    • Many believed that they had a moral duty to Christianize non-believers around the world 
    • Bartolomeu Dias, a Portuguese explorer, said this about his motives for exploration:
      • "To serve God and His Majesty, to give light to those who were in darkness and to grow rich as all men desire to do"
  • 3. New technology makes exploration possible
    • In the 1400s, shipbuilders designed a new vessel called the caravel, which was sturdier than previous ships
    • In addition, triangular sails allowed people to sail effectively against the wind
    • Also started using the astrolabe and compass so they had a better idea of where they were and where they were going

Introduction to World Explorers Project

Tuesday- absent, workday for World Explorers Project 

Wednesday- workday for World Explorers Project

Thursday-

World Explorers Presentations

John Cabot

• Background
  • Real name: Giovanni Caboto
  • Born in Italy in 1450
  • Son of Giulio Caboto, a spice merchant 
  • Family moved to Venice, Italy when he was 11
  • He made a voyage in 1497 on the ship Matthew
  • Sailed to "Asia" (Canada) and claimed land
  • Started to go back to North America for a 2nd time and died, but the cause of death is unknown 
• Why He Started Exploring
  • At age 11, he moved to Venice, Italy
  • Italian seamen and merchants taught him about sailing, map making, and navigation
  • He wanted to sail westward to reach Asia 
• Who He Sailed For
  • England
  • Gained commission from King Henry VII
  • First European explorer to reach North America
• First Voyage
  • Ship: Matthew
  • Left in May of 1497
  • Had 18 men on his ship
  • Landed in June near Newfoundland or Cape Breton Island
  • Claimed land for the King with English and Venetian flags
  • Believed he'd reached Asia's coast, but it was actually Canada
  • Considered to be a successful voyage
• Second Voyage
  • Because the first voyage was successful, he and his crew wanted to return to find "Japan"
  • Left in May of 1498 with 5 ships and 200 men
  • By July, they never made it and no one knows what happened. It could've possibly been a shipwreck in Ireland, or a severe storm. 
• What He Found/Accomplished
  • Sailed across the Atlantic and landed in June somewhere near Newfoundland and Cape Breton Island
  • Discovered Canada
  • Discovered a shorter route to North America 
• Consequences of His Voyages
  • Positive: He found new land for us and a shorter sea route to North America
  • Negative: He died 

John Smith

• Background
  • Born on January 6, 1580 in England
  • Became admiral of New England
  • Was an explorer and author
  • He explored for King James 
• Jamestown
  • He was one of the founders in Jamestown on May 14, 1607
  • He was one of the seven leaders of Jamestown
  • It took nineteen days to find the perfect spot 
• Chesapeake Bay
  • Started exploring the Chesapeake Bay in the summer of 1608
  • He was the first explorer to map the Bay
  • He traveled about 3,000 miles on this journey 
• Death 
  • He returned to England after a gunpowder explosion "accident" that severely hurt his leg
  • He died on June 21, 1631 at the age of 51
  • He was buried in London 

Pedro Alvares Cabral 

• Background Information
  • Born in Belmonte on his family's estate in 1467 in Portugal
  • Council of King Manuel I
  • Was appointed Habit of Military Order of Christ
  • Was Roman Catholic
  • Died in 1520 
• Why Did He Start Exploring?
  • Establish trading
  • Answer questions
  • Spices
  • Trading items 
• Who Did He Sail For?
  • Portugal and King Manuel I 
• Where Did He Explore?
  • Sailed Westward on March 9, 1500
  • Landed in "True Cross," which is Brazil today 
  • Then sailed East and rounded the Cape of Good Hope
  • Eventually reached India 
• What Did He Find?
  • Brazil
  • Trading route to India
  • True Cross
  • Calicut, India 
• Consequences of His Voyage
  • Lost 4 ships by Africa in a storm
  • Lost 3 ships in a storm
  • Were attacked by natives in December
  • 50 Portuguese died 

Samuel de Champlain 

• Background
  • Born in Brouage, France in 1574
  • Was a French explorer
  • Began exploring North America in 1603
  • Established the city of Quebec in "New France" which is now Canada
  • Became governor of New France in 1620
  • Died in Quebec in 1635
• Who He Sailed For
  • France
  • King Henry IV
• Why He Started Exploring
  • Started exploring with his uncle
• Where He Explored
  • North America
  • "New France"- Canada today

Friday- absent

Tara's Notes:

• Findings/Accomplishments 
  • Quebec 
  • Quebec City 
  • He has a couple of statues in Quebec 
• Were his voyages successful? Why/why not? 
  • Yes
  • He established Quebec and Quebec City in Canada 
  • He explored the New England coast and was the first person to give a detailed account of what would later become Plymouth Rock