Monday - The Cold War 1945 - 1990 US vs Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
- A political, strategic and ideological struggle between the US and the Soviet Union from 1945-1990
- Spread throughout the world-Europe, Asia, Africa and Latin America
Communism - Government controlled, harcore socialism; Founded by Karl Marx vs. Democracy - Government where people can vote and have a say
Socialism - Government owns; "Spread the Wealth" vs. Capitalism - How the economy is ran; People own businesses
Tuesday - Work Day!
Wednesday - Communism provides the most basic needs.
Breif Histrory of the Soviet Union
- Bolshevik Revolution - Revolution that brought communism to the Soviet Union
- Lenin - Brought Communism to the country
- Stalin - Takes over after Lenin dies.
- Purges, - Collectivization - government takes over farms , - Nationalization - government takes over bussinesses, - Five Year Plans - The SU wants to increase their industrial output every 5 years
- Soviet-German Non-Aggression Pact
- War with Germany
- Battle of Berlin - April-May, 1945
Causes of the Cold War
- Different political systems - US is based on democracy, capitalism, freedom, opportunity and hard work; - USSR is based on dictarship, communism, control and equality
- The Red Scare - 1919 - Fear that communism was going to take over the United States
- Both thought their system was better and distrusted the others intentions
- Stalin despised capitalism
- Distrust during WWll
- Stalin breaking his promise to allow free election in Eastern Europe at the Yalta Conference
- American fear of a communist attack(2nd Red Scare) and USSR's fear of a US attack
- USSR's fear of the atomic bomb
- USSR's actions in their German zone
- USSR's goal to spread communism around the world
The "West"
The "East"
Post WWll/Cold War Goals for US
- Wanted to promote open markets for US goods to prevent another depression
- Promote democracy throughout the world, especially in Asia and Africa
- Stop the spread of commuism - Policy of Containment
- Wanted to create greater security for itself - lost tens of millions people in WWll and Stalins purge, - feared a strong Germany
- Establish defensible borders
- Spread communism around the world
Winston Churchill "Iron Curtain" Speech 1946 - Gave speech in the US. He said that there is an "iron curtain" that has split Europe in 2.
Domino Effect-Eisenhower-1954 - If one country falls into communism then so do the rest of them
Thursday - Policy of Containment-1946
Truman Doctrine
- In 1947, the British were helping the Greek government fight against communists
- They appealed to America for aid
- Greece received large amounts of weapons and supplies from US
- By 1949, the communists were defeated
Marshall Plan
- In 1947, the US announced the Marshall Plan
- This was a massive economic aid plan for Europe to help it recover from WWll
- Two Goals: - Helping Europe to recover economically would provide markets for American goods, helping American industry; - A prosperous Europe would be better able to resist the spread of communism
Brinkmanship-1950s -1960s - Being willing to go to the brink of the war without actually going to the war '
Massive Retaliation - One strikes, then the other will strike/Mutual Deterrence/Mutal Assured Destruction
NATO (Non Communist) - North Alantic Treaty Organizaiton
- Defensive alliance
- This was the first peacetime alliance in US history
- It consisted of: America, Canada, Britain, France, Holland, Belgium, Luxembourg, Portugal, Denmark, Norway and Italy
Warsaw Pact-1955-1991 - (Communist)
CIA vs KGB
- Central Intelligence Agency-1947-Present
- Komitet Gosudarstvennoy Bezopasnosti - Committee for State Security - 1954-1991
Friday - Work Day!
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