Chapter 1
What is World History? BC and AD?
The study of the history of the world. Before Christ and anno Domini "In the year of our Lord"
How old is the Earth?
4.6 Billion years.
Where were the oldest human fossils found?
Africa (Tanzania and Ethiopia)
Who found the oldest human fossils?
Louis and Mary Leakey, Donald Johanson, Recent Scientists.
What are some of the biggest achievements in the world history?
Controlled fire, Wheel, Tools/Weapons, Language, Boats, and Art.
Dinosaurs were around 250-65 million years ago.
4 million years ago hominid walked on two legs.
Leakey's searched in Tanzania from 30-70 in Olduvai Gorge.
Hominid- the froup consisting of all modern and extinct Great Apes (modern humans, chimps, gorillas and orangutans plus all of their ancestors)
Donald Johanson found Lucy a 3.2 million year old fossil.
Neanderthal (something else) vs Cro-Magnon (human ancestor) vs Modern Man
Before agriculture people were nomadic (hunter-gatherer)
Lived in groups of 25-70
About 10,000 years ago organized farming happened (also domesticated animals).
Monday -
Villages turned into towns and cities
As cities emerged, more complex ways of thinking and living emerged leading to civilization.
Social classes also emerged with civilization.
Civilization - A highly advanced society
Traits of a civilization:
- Advanced Cities
- Record keeping/Writing
- Specialized workers
- Complex Institutions
- Advanced Technology (of the time - building of pyramids)
What are natural borders?
Borders that separate countries that aren't man-made -> Deserts , mountains, and big bodies of water
What are some natural boundaries that would be helpful to an early civilization
BC
AD
Hominid
Nomadic
Hunter-gatherer
Domesticated animals
Civilization
Social Classes
Tuesday -
Chapter 2
Why the 4 river valleys thrived -
Fertile soil, mild climate, water way for transportation, water for crops and for drinking
Provided for abundant crops and food
Fertile Crescent - Semi-cirlce of fertile land stretching from the Mediterranean to the Persian Gulf
Mesopotamia - The ancient land that lies between the Tigris and the Euphrates.
City-State - A state that has its own government and consists of a city in the area around it. - Functioned like an independent country (Ancient Rome, Ancient Greece)
Dynasty - A series of ruler from a single family-father to son
Cultural Diffusion - Process in which ideas spread from one culture to another.
Polytheism - The belief in many gods
Monotheism - Belief in one god
Empire - group of states and or countries under a single authority such as an emperor.
Delta - A broad marshy area of land formed by deposits of sit where a river runs into a bigger body of water
King Narmer - King of Egypt that many believe untied Upper and Lower Egypt.
Pharaoh - The god - kings of Egypt-Seen as almost as powerful as the gods of the heavens
Theocracy - Government headed by religious leaders or a leader regarded as a god
Pyramid - large structure used at resting place for rulers
Mummification - process of preserving a dead body
Hieroglyphics - Egyptian form of writing using pictures and symbols
Papyrus - what they wrote on, came from Papyrus reeds found in marshy areas.
Indian Subcontinent - the landmass that includes Pakistan, India and Bangladesh
Monsoon - seasonal winds that can bring dry air or heavy rain
Mandate from Heaven - A just ruler that has approval from the gods / an unjust ruler can lose their mandate to rule
Dynastic Cycle - the rise, fall and replacement of dynasties
Feudalism - a political system in which the king gives land to nobles/lords and in return, they vow loyalty and military service to the king - Used in China, Japan, and Europe
Babylonian for group work
Wednesday - work day
Thursday - work day
Friday -
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