Monday: Review of 7th Grade History
10 Big Events:
Native Americans Coming and Going (Forced) (10,000 years ago)
Exploration (1492-1600s)
Colonization (early 1600s-1770s)
Revolutionary War (1775-1783)
Constitution/ Bill of Rights (1789)
Westward Expansion(1800s)
Texas War for Ind. (1835-36)/Mexican-American War
Civil War (1861-1865)
Reconstruction (1863-1877)
Native Americans Coming and Going (Forced) (10,000 years ago)
Land bridge was formed between Russia and Alaska- people came across on the Bering Strait
Next came Europeans- didn't get along with Native America
Trail of Tears- pushed from east coast to Oklahoma
Europeans spread disease, waged wars, cheated them out of land, constantly lied to them, killed off the buffalo from the Native Americans
Exploration (1492-1600s)
Columbus- “Founded the New World”
Vikings came before Columbus
Magellan- first person to sail around the world
Tuesday: continued review of 7th Grade History
Colonization (early 1600s-1770s)
Goal is to stay
Came over for freedom of religion
4 major territories-
Spanish territory- California/Texas, Mexico, Caribbean, Western South America
Portuguese territory- Brazil
French Territory- central united states, part of canada
British Territory- Canada, east coast of the US
13 Colonies- Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, Maryland, Delaware, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New York, Massachusetts, New Hampshire. NO MAINE AT THIS TIME
Revolutionary War + Declaration of Independence (1775-1783)
Caused mainly by Townshend Acts and Intolerable Acts (Taxing)
French and Indian War- Britain won, kicked France out of country
Boston Tea Party- Intolerable Acts were passed after this
Boston massacre- first big fight before the war
Declaration of independance- purpose was to declare independence from Britain
first paragraph says they have justification to overthrow
Middle part is what he's done to us
Last paragraph- we need to overthrow
Un-United States of America (1781-1788)- didn't want a main leader- wanted independence
Constitution/ Bill of Rights (1789)
Constitutional Convention was to make the federal government a little bit stronger than the state governments
What is it? It's a document that sets up our government and protects our rights
Why did it come about? Came because of the failure of the articles
What is Separation of Powers? 3 branches- Legislative, Judicial, Executive
What is Checks and Balances? Makes sure that their is a balance of power so no branch becomes too powerful
Who is the Father of the Constitution? James Madison
Two houses of Congress? House of Representatives and Senate
How many Senators? 100- 2 from each state
How many people in the House of Representatives? Higher states population, more reps
Length of Term? Senate-6 years- have to be 30 years old, House- 2 years- gave to be 25 years old
Wednesday: Continued 7th grade review
Constitution/ Bill of Rights (1789)
What Powers does congress have? Make laws, declare war, set taxes, override vetoes, borrow money, print money, etc.
How long is the President's term? 4 years
How old do you have to be to be president? 35 years old
What is the longest amount of time a President can now serve? 10 years
Which President served the longest in US history? Franklin D Roosevelt- 12 years- died before he got to 16 years
What are the qualifications to be on the US Supreme Court? Have to be a US citizen, No age limit
How do justices of the Supreme Court gets their job? Presidents appoint them
How can a Supreme Court Justice lose his job? Die, be Impeached, retire
What Powers does the US supreme Court have? Final judge for laws
Amendment 1- most important- freedom of religion, speech, press
Westward Expansion(1800s)
West- from Mississippi River area to Oklahoma/ Texas to California
Why move West? Gold, Military, farming, jobs
Manifest Destiny- Can expand east and west
Louisiana Purchase- Iowa, Louisiana, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska
Thursday: Continued 7th grade review
Westward Expansion(1800s)
Louisiana Purchase- bought from france, doubled the size of united States
Florida was bought next from Spain
Oregon Territory- finalized the border between US and Canada
Texas becomes part of the US
Bought Mexican Cession- in Mexican-American War
Lewis and Clark- explored Louisiana Purchase Territory into Oregon Territory. Mapped the territory, kept journal of plants and animals
Texas War for Ind. (1835-36)/Mexican-American War
Texas War for IND Causes/Results-
Mexico is new country and opened up Texas for settlement
Mexico started enforcing the rules more (roman catholicism, no slaves)
War breaks out between Mexico and Texas- Texas wins the war
Texas gets independance and is known as Republic of Texas- independant country
Texas becomes part of US
Mexican- American War Causes/Results
Where is the border- dispute
Troops were sent right up to Rio Grande River- Mexico is invaded- war breaks out when Mexico attacks
US wins the war- buys Mexican Cession
Civil War (1861-1865)
Causes:
Sectionalism- separation of the North and South- lead to all the other issues
Slavery- South needed slaves more than the North
States’ rights- Popular sovereignty- the idea that we should let the states vote
Missouri came in as a slave state which would upset balance, so Maine came in at a free state
36-30 line- all new states north of the line are free, all states south are slave
Tariffs- making money on cotton, farming, etc.
Lincoln’s election- talked about abolishing slavery in the new territories- South looses power- South starts cessation- war breaks out
Compromise of 1850- California’s population jumps and becomes a free state, South gets tougher fugitive slave law- slaves that escaped north will be searched for harder to get brought back
Dred Scott Decision- African american that was given freedom- his owner goes to court and they decide that African americans are property and so slavery can be anywhere North or South.
South became Confederate states of America
When war broke out the North’s goal was to save the country not to end slavery, South’s goal was to keep slavery
South is doing better at first- had better Generals, had some allies from Europe, knew the land better, knew how to use weapons more
North pulls ahead and had a lot more people, more railroads, more factories, the Navy, more food
North wins and Reconstruction begins
Friday: Continued 7th Grade Review
Reconstruction (1863-1877)
The period of time after the Civil War in which the South had to be rebuilt and reorganized and brought back into the union ( Rebuilding of the South after the Civil War)
President’s Lincoln and Johnson wanted to be easy on the South
That changed in the 1866 Congressional election and with Lincoln’s death
Congress was Republican and when Johnson became President, they were mad and almost impeached
Republican Radical Reconstruction-
Rebuilt south economically, socially, politically, and physically
Split the South into five military districts controlled by US Army
13th,14th,15th amendments: 13th- slavery illegal, 14th- made blacks citizens, 15th- allowed all men to vote
Freedmen’s Bureau- provided, food, clothing, education, and job training to free slaves
Southern Governments were taken over by Northerners (Carpetbaggers moved to south after war, many won political offices) (Scalawags from the South that agreed with the North- Hated a lot by the Southerners)
These governments set up schools, raised taxes, built railroads, helped ex-slaves, industrialized the south
Governments were accused of widespread corruption by southerners
Reconstruction left very deep divisions between the northern states and the southern states
Once the northern governments and military left the southe traditional rich white racist males took back over
Jim Crow laws and segregation was established
African americans would not see the rights they should have had in 1865 until 1964
Election of 1876-
Rutherford B. Hayes vs Samuel J, Tilden
Tilden won the popular vote and was leading electoral vote
Four states (with 20 electoral votes) had disputed results
Compromise of 1877
Unwritten deal between Northern and Southern politicians that settled the heavily disputed 1876 US presidential election
Republican Rutherford B hayes was awarded the White House over Democrat Tilden
Hayes would then remove the federal troops from the south ending Reconstruction
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