Week of 4/27-5/1

[5Kelsey]

Monday- presentations and notes

Tuesday- notes 

Wednesday- notes

Thursday- notes

Friday- watched movie

Korean War

• Korea was invaded and ruled by Japan from 1910 until 1945
• After WWII, Korea was split into two- North and South at the 38th parallel
• An election was going to be held to eventually unify Korea
• United Nations held an election in 1948
• Soviet Union refused to allow participation in the election in their occupied zone
• They handed over power to the North Korean communist party
• Back and forth
• North forces invade South and push down to Pusan Perimeter 
• United Nations Police Action
  • United Nations Security Council voted to send troops to help South Korea
  • US, GB, France, China, and Soviet Union were permanent members that could veto the "police action"
• McCarthur went against orders from Truman
• Kim Jong Sung 
  • 1950-1994
• Kim Jong il 
  • ruled 1994-2011
• Kim Jong un
  • took office in 2011
  • nuclear aggressiveness 
  • killed uncle in December 2013
• North Korea Nuclear Timeline
  • North Korea announced its withdrawal from Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
  • UK and NK sign deal where US would help build two nuclear power reactors
  • 2002 President Bush charges that NK, Iraq, and Iran are Axis of Evil

Vietnam Conflict

• 1950-1975
• Unpopular War
• Hide in forests
• US goal to contain communism 
• North Vietnam is to spread communism
• French Connection
  • gained control of Indochina in a series of colonial wars 
  • WWII, Vichy France worked with Japanese forces in controlling Indochina 
  • After the Japanese surrender, French fought to retain control of their former colony afainst the Viet Minh Independence movement, led by communist party leader Ho Chi Minh
  • After the Viet Minh defeated the French colonial army at the Battle of Dien Bien Phu in 1954, the French withdrew, and the colony war granted independence

Key Terms

• Geneva Conference 1954
  • Vietnam was cut into a Northern and Southern zone at 17th parallel
  • north ruled by Ho Chi Minh
  • south was Bao Dai
  • set up elections to unify the country by July 1956
  • such elections were never held because neither side wanted to lose
• Ho Chi Minh
  • north ruler
• Escalation
  • got bigger
  • Truman began US involvement by sending money to help the French
  • Eisenhower continued US support by sending military advisers to give temporary support to Diem's government in the south
  • Kennedy continued sending advisers as well as special operation forces (Green berets)
  • Johnson sent more and more combat forces 
  • Nixon started pulling troops out
• Viet Cong
  • our enemy
  • a group of south Vietnamese guerrilla fighters
  • difficult to define because of how they dressed (peasants) 
• Guerilla Warfare
  • attack and retreat
• Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
  • several US ships were supposedly attacked by North Vietnamese torpedoes in the Gulf of Tonkin
• President Lyndon Johnson
• General William Westmoreland
  • forces in vietnam
• Tet Offensive
  • huge offensive that the viet cong put against us
• Pentagon Papers
  • someone in the government mislead the war in the New York Times, people had proof
• Operation Rolling Thunder
  • code name for the non-stop bombing raids in North Vietnam by US
  • destroy the will of the North Vietnamese to fight, destroy industrial bases and air defense and stop the flow of men and supplies to the Trail in the south
  • not successful 
• Ho Chi Minh Trail 
  • jungle path where the north Vietnamese would take supplies to the viet cong in the south
• Agent Orange
  • gas used to kill plants (jungle - harder to hide)
• Napalm
  • sticky fire substance to attack people with
• My Lai Massacre
  • US soldiers killed Vietnamese civilians
  • women were raped and bodies mutilated
• Vietnam War Protesters
• Kent St. University Protest/Massacre
  • US soldiers killing US citizens on US soil 
  • bad deal 
• President Richard Nixon
  • called for "vietnamization" 
  • "peace with honor"
  • gradually pull US troops out and train the ARVN to take our place in fighting the north
  • expanded the war into Laos and Cambodia leading to college protests
• Vietnamization
• Paris Peace Accords - 1973
  • signed early 1973 to officially end US involvement in Vietnam war
    • fighting stopped
    • US would pull out of Vietnam
    • North and South Vietnam would recognize each other's independence
  • did not last
  • North invaded the South and south fell apart
  • Vietnam is still communist today
• Deferment - getting out of war
  • went to other countries
  • went to college
  • got married
  • medically unfit for service
  • joined the national guard, coast guard, or peace corps
  • claimed to be homosexual
  • got into legal trouble
  • bring rich