Week of 4/13-4/17

[5Kelsey]

Monday- finished notes on cold war

Tuesday- cold war quiz

Wednesday- cold war song project work day

Thursday- worked on cold war song

Friday- recorded song

Cold War

• US vs Union of Soviet Socialist Republics 
• Definition- a political, strategic and ideological struggle between the US and Soviet Union
• Spread throughout the world - Europe, Asia, Africa, and Latin America
• Communism - government has all the say, no free speech/religion
• Democracy - freedom, choice, people have power
• Socialism - government controls businesses 
• Capitalism - people own and control business
• Causes of the cold war
  • different political systems
    • US - democracy, capitalism, and freedom
    • USSR - dictatorship, communism, and control
  • Red Scare
  • Both thought their system was better and distrusted the others intentions 
  • Stalin breaking his promise to allow free elections at the Yalta conference
  • American fear of communist attack (Red Scare) and USSR's fear of a US attack 
  • USSR's fear of the atomic bomb
  • USSR's actions in their German zone
• east - communist
• west - democratic 
• Post WWII/Cold war goals for US
  • wanted to promote open markets for US goods to prevent another depression
  • promote democracy throughout the world, especially in Asia and Africa
  • Stop the spread of communism
    • policy of containment 
• Post WWII/cold war goals for USSR
  • wanted to created security for itself
    • lost many people in WWII
    • feared a strong Germany
  • Establish defensible borders
  • encourage friendly government on its borders
  • spread communism around the world 

Vocab

• Domino Theory
  • one country falls of communism, another one follows
• Policy of Containment
  • a policy that was issued to prevent the spread of communism 
• Truman Doctrine (1947)
  • stated that the US would help countries in Europe with both military and economic aid if they were threatened by communism or the Soviet Union. It was an effort to stop communism from spreading. Aimed at Greece and Turkey 
• Marshall Plan (1948-1952)
  • After WWII US helped rebuild and gave European countries economic support
• Brinkmanship
  • the pushing a dangerous situation to the brink of disaster without going to war
• Mutual Assured Destruction
  • using strong weapons to create an explosion to destroy opposing sides 
• Massive Retaliation
  • When one country attacks, the other country will attack back
• Mutual Deterrence
  • No one attacked because they didn't want to get attacked back
• NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) - US, Great Britain, Italy, France, Canada 
  • Military alliance formed between 28 nations to enforce North Atlantic Treaty
    • try to stop communism
    • security against Soviet Union
• Warsaw Pact (stopped in 1991)
  • an alliance between the Soviet Union and most Eastern European countries to counterbalance the alliance called NATO
• Iron Curtain Speech (1946)
  • speech given by Winston Churchill to split Europe and Soviet Union 
• KGB
  • CIA and FBI of the Soviet Union
  • spy on other countries
• Peaceful Coexistence 
  • theory from the Soviet Union in the 1960's that capitalism and communism don't work together but they can still live peacefully next to each other. 
• Desalinization 
  • The act of eradicating traces of Stalin from the Russian government
  • a political reform after the death of Joseph Stalin
  • altered government policies
• Detente
  • a French word meaning release from tension usually in political situations. 
  • US and Soviet Union 
• Perestroika 
  • The fixing or stabilizing the economic and political systems
• Glasnost
  • openness - describes the policy for Mikhail Gorbachev premiere of the former Soviet Union
• Nuclear Countries of the world
  • France, Russia, China, US, United Kingdom, India, Pakistan, North Korea, Israel, Iran 
• Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
  • Prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and weapons technology
  • Promote cooperation in the peaceful uses of nuclear energy
  • Further the goal of achieving nuclear disarmament and general complete disarmament
• CIA
  • Nation's eye and ears, people behind the scenes doing the dirty work. All operations going on outside of the country
• Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (1963)
  • the banning of all nuclear practices in US, Soviet Union, and United Kingdom 
• Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (1972)
  • agreement between Soviet Union and US to stop trying to stop missiles for Nuclear weapon transportation 
• Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty (1972)
  • protect us from missiles hitting US
• Missile Defense System (1980's)
  • system in a country of anti missile systems that destroys the war head in space before it reach the target country to protect nuclear bombs from landing in the country
• Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban
  • Ban of Nuclear explosions everywhere by everyone 
• Nuclear Non-proliferation treaty (1968)
  • treaty signed by the major nuclear powers that had them agree to stop the spread of nuclear technology, countries signed not to use nuclear weapons but could use nuclear power for energy

Bruns Notes

• IAEA
  • go into countries to make sure every country is following the rules
• INF treaty
  • reduce nuclear missiles 
• STATE treaties (1991-2009)
  • reduce nuclear missiles 
  • US and Soviet Union
• SORT (2003)
  • US and Russia
  • reserve nuclear weapons to be cut in half
• New START (2011-2021)
  • nuclear weapons to be cut in half
  • US and Russia 
• United Nations
  • peace keeping