Monday-
Plato-
- Greek Philosopher
- Only known source discussing location of Atlantis
- It's a myth- Atlantis has elements that people love to fantasize about
Mycenaean's-
- Controlled the area around Greece from 1600 BC- 1100 BC
- Heavily influenced
- Known for their trade around the Mediterranean- no money exchanged. Traded oils and wine for gold, ivory, copper
- known for piracy
- known for their city-states-Athens
- historians are not sure if city-states are independent or united
- Mycenaean's did unite to fight the Trojan War against Troy
- Fell apart due to wars
- Eventually the Dorian's came down and took over Greece
Tuesday-
Dorian's- 1150- 750 BC-
- Came from the area north of Greece
- Less advanced than the Mycenaean's
- Trade and culture slowed
- Greece went into a dark age
Homer-
- Was a Greek epic poet from 750-700 BC
- Narrative poems celebrate heroic deeds
- The Iliad was about the Trojan War
- The Odyssey was a sequel that was after the Trojan War
Trojan War 1194-1184 BC- Myth-
- Fought between Mycenae Greeks and Troy
- War began after the abduction of Queen Helen of Sparta by the Trojan prince, Paris
- Helen's Husband , Menelaus, convinced his brother Agamemnon, King of Mycenae, to lead and expedition to get her back
- Agamemnon was joined by the Greek heroes Achilles and Odysseus
- They crossed the Aegean Sea and laid siege to Troy
Greek City States-
- Polis- City-Minneapolis, Indianapolis
- Acropolis- A settlement in a city on higher ground used for defense and a place to discuss politics-Below is the Athens acropolis
- Monarchy- Government ruled by one person, king, Queen
- Aristocracy- Government ruled by a small group of wealthy landowning families
- Oligarchy-A government ruled by a few powerful people
- Tyrant- Powerful individuals who seize control from the government
- Democracy- Rule by the people Athens had perhaps the world's first democracy. Only allowed citizens to participate. Women, slaves, and foreigners were not citizens
- Military State- A state that bases its economic model on the sustainment of its armed forces
- Helot- A peasant bound to the land
- Phalanx- A military formation of foot soldiers armed with spears and shields
- Persian Wars- A series of wars in the fifth century B.C., in which Greek city-states battled the Persian Empire
Education in Athens-
- Only the sons of wealthy families
- Started at age 7 and focused on developing good citizens
- Studied reading, grammar, poetry, history, math, music, logic and public speaking
- Public debate and athletics were also stressed
- Once older students went military school
- Girls were educated by their mothers in the home to do cleaning, cooking, child-rearing, etc
Greek City-State- Sparta-
- Sparta was very powerful and had is own army- Defeated the Messenians in 725 BC and in 650 BC
- Unlike Athens and other city-states, it did not have democracy
- Built a military state
- Sparta conquered other city-states to gain wealth and power
- Valued duty, strength and discipline over freedom, beauty and learning
Spartan Classes-
- Only men born in Sparta were citizens
- Women were not allowed to become citizens
- The second class in Sparta were people who came from other city-states or other countries- They could own businesses but not become citizens
- The third class were helots/slaves- Worked the fields or were servants
Spartan Warriors-
- Learning to read and write in Sparta- not important
- Training to become good soldier-stressed
- Young boys left home at 7 and were trained till 30
- Athletics was also stressed
Wednesday-
Spartan Women-
- Service to Sparta was stressed
- Received some military training
- Athletics were stressed
- Had quite a bit of freedom in comparison to Athens- Could run family estates when husband was off at war
Persian Wars (Greco-Persian) 499-449 BC-
- Fought between the Persian Empire and Greek City States
- Problems started when Persian leader Cyrus the Great took over Ionia in Greece in 546 BC
Ionian Revolt-499-493 BC-
- The Ionians (Greeks) led a revolt against the Persians after Cyrus the Great died
- Led by General Miltiades
- Ionia asked Athens to help them and they did
- Darius quickly suppresses the Ionian Revolt but is very angry at the Greeks
- Darius vowed to burn Athens to the ground before his death
Miltiades Escapes-
- Miltiades escapes back to the Athens and tells them that the Persians are going to burn Athens
- This sets the begging of The Great Persian War
Ancient Greece Vs. Civilization of Persia-
- Persia was the largest empire in the world at the time and consisted of millions of people
- Ancient Greece was about 500,000 total people
- It was truly a David vs. Goliath battle
Athens and Sparta United-
- Athens & Sparta had been fighting for hundreds of years
- They ow fought not for Athens or for Sparta but for GREECE!
- Fighting for the good of the country
Battle of Marathon-490 BC-
- 25,000 Persians
- 10,000 Athenians
- Who won? Greeks won because of a lot more Persian
Thursday-
How did the Athens win?
- The Phalanx
- The Persians were lightly armored and not prepared
Pheidippides-
- After the battle ended, he ran from Marathon to Athens to tell the Athenians of the victory over Persia
- How many miles was it from Marathon to Athens- 26 miles
Battle of Thermopylae- 480 BC-
- Ten years after the Battle of Marathon
- Darius the Great's son Xerxes was going to destroy Athens
- The Persians won the Battle of Thermopylae but not before the Spartan soldiers held out for days allowing many Greek troops to retreat
- The movie 300 is based off of this battle
Battle of Salamis-
- At the naval Battle of Salamis, the Greeks destroyed the Persian navy
- The Persians were never the same aft that and were eventually driven out of Greece
- After the Persian Wars, the Delian League was established setting up an alliance between the Greek city-states
Vocab words-
- Greek God- Any supernatural being worshiped as controlling some part of the world or some aspect of life or who is the personification of a force
- Titan- Any of a family of giants in Greek mythology born of Uranus and Gaea and ruling the earth until overthrown by the Olympian gods
- Heroes- men or women of special strength, courage, or ability
- Myths- a traditional or legendary story, usually with a being, hero, or event and connected to religion
- Creatures- an imaginary being of myth or fable; a monster; an imaginary, creature usually having various human and animal parts
Friday- Mr. Bruns talks about extra credit and ITEDS and then watch a movie
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