Monday-
Group test Thursday (Slides 1-74)- Minus goals/causes
Skip slides 2, 12-16, 19 and 20
The Red Scare
- Causes-
- Julius and Ethel Rosenberg Trial
- Found guilt of spying for the Soviets- executed in 1953
Causes of the Second Red Scare-
- Iron curtain surrounding Eastern Europe- 1945
- The USSR detonating their atomic bomb- 1949
- China becoming communist- 1949
- Korean War starting in 1950-Domino Effect
- Stalin's actions in Germany Berlin Blockade
Alien Registration Act-
- Made it illegal to advocate the overthrow of the US government
- Required all non-citizen adult residents to register with the government
- Approximately 215 people were indicted under legislation
- Prosecutions under the Smith Act continued until the Supreme Court decision declared law unconstitutional in 1957
McCarthy's Downfall
- Finally began in October 1953 when he started to investigate "communist infiltration into the military"
- This was the final straw for President Dwight D. Eisenhower, who realized that McCarthy's movement needed to be stopped
- Senate voted to censure him for his conduct and to strip him of his privileges
- McCarthy died three years later from alcoholism
House Un-American Activities Committee-
- This organization went after directors and actors in Hollywood
- The committee believed that films were spreading communist propaganda
- They set up hearings to investigate the movie industry
- Hollywood Ten
- Each man was found guilty and sentenced to spend a year in prison and pay a $1,000 fine
US Test Hydrogen Bombs- 1952
- 1000 times more powerful than the Hiroshima atomic bomb
- Set off on Bikini Island in the Marshall Islands
Yuri Gagarin-1961
- Caused US to panic
Berlin Wall-1961
Tuesday-
Bay of Pigs
- What is it?
- Invasion of Cuba by anti-Castro Cubans trained by CIA to go in and overthrow Castro and his government
- What were the results?
- Cuba was concerned that US would invade them, so they sent missiles for protection
- How did it hurt President Kennedy?
- He backed down from giving Cubans air cover
- Found out that US was behind it
The Compromise-
- The Soviets would remove their missiles from Cuba
- The US would promise to never invade Cuba
- The US would secretly remove our nuclear missiles from Turkey within 6 months
Ronald Reagan Becomes President- 1981
- Ran on a very strong anti-communist platform
- Soviets had just invaded Afghanistan
Why did US win the Cold War? and Why did the USSR lose the war?
- We had close ties with our Allies and the USSR didn't
- China started siding with us after 1972
- The Soviet economy was in shambles whereas the US's was flourishing
- Shambles
- Huge deficit
- High inflation
- Corruption
- Social Problems
- Shortage of Basic Needs
- Strong anti-communist presidency of Reagan
- Gorbachev's willingness for change and reform
- Glasnost and perestroika
- Admitted Soviet mistakes
- Took blame for the Civil War
- Communist system had failed
- Allowed Eastern Europe to do what they wanted
- Arms Reduction Talks
- SALTS, INF, Reagan-Gorbachev meetings
- Soviet Mistakes
- Invasion of Afghanistan
- Ignoring social concerns
- Spent everything on military
Wednesday-
Post Cold War-
- In 1990's, the world seemed to be a much more peaceful place
- We didn't have any major threat to worry about
- President Clinton closed down numerous military bases around the country reducing the size of the US military
- 9-11 caught the US off guard
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