Monday- Starting WWII, Mr. Bruns tells us to find a WWII movie, and to do a summary over it. Summary due next Monday
Germany's WWII Story
1919-1945
Ein Volk, ein Reich, ein Fuhrer= One people, One Empire, One Leader
Swastika- An Egyptian symbol before. Meant peace at first. Then Nazi's took it into a different meaning. Be on flags and arm bands.
Spain- was neutral in WWII. Hitler never invaded Spain because he was allies with Franco.
France- They were both
Finland- got their independence after WWI, but in WWII Hitler turned against Stalin and invaded them.
The main three are Italy, Germany, and Japan.
Treaty of Versailles- Germany lost countries to France, Belgium, Denmark, Czechoslovakia, Poland. Also lost colonies in the middle east. Germany had to return to Russia land taken in the Treaty of Brest Litovsk.- Some of this land was made into new states: Estonia, Lithuania, and Latvia. An enlarged Poland also received some of this land. Financial- The loss of vital industrial territory would be a severe blow to Germany's economy. Coal from the Saar and Upper Silesia in particular. Germany had to pay $33 billion to the Allies (G/B France) General- 1. Germany had to admit full responsibility for the war. This was Clause 231. the infamous "War Guilt Clause" 2. Germany was forbidden to unite with Austria. 3. A league of Nations was set up to keep world peace
Military Consequences- Wanted to make sure they didn't have to deal with German military again, so they dismantled them. Germany's army was reduced to 100,000 men; Germany army was not allowed tanks. Germany was not allowed to have an air force. Germany was allowed only 6 capital naval ships and no submarines. The Rhineland was made into a demilitarized zone (DMZ) No German solider or weapon was allowed into this zone. The Allies were to keep an army of occupation on the west bank of the Rhine for 15 years.
The German Reaction to the Treaty of Versailles- There was anger throughout Germany when the terms were made public. The Treaty was seen by many Germans as being forced on them and the Germans has no choice but to sign it. German representatives in Paris knew that they had no choice as Germany was incapable of restarting the war again. Many right wing groups such as the Nazis believed in the Dolchsotss Theory(Stab in the Back theory). Blamed the "November Criminals" (the Weimer Republic) fir accepting treaty.
Tuesday- Mr. Bruns talks about the power point during WWII and talks about Adolf Hitler. Movie due Monday.
Weimer Republic- The new government in Germany after WWI. Now had a democracy after they lost the war and had never had one before. Not easy to succeed. Failed miserably as a government. Their was a president. Paul venhinderberg.
Adolf Hitler- Born in 1889 in Austria. When he was 3 years old his family moved to Germany. Had five siblings and three died at infancy. Mom-Klara Dad- Alois. His dad beat him, but he was really close with his mother. His brother Edmund died in 1900. After his brother's death, Hitler changed and became more moody and withdrawn. Had more issues at school and with his dad. His dad died in 1903 When he was 13 and his mom died in 1907 when he was 17. In Mein Kampf his book, Hitler said he first became anti-Semitic during his time in Vienna, Austria. Struggled in school especially when he lost his family. Vienna Austria- 1905-1913: Hitler failed to get in the Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna two different times. Was told to be an architect. Started selling painting in the streets of Vienna. Failed his examination to get into the Austro-Hungarian army in 1914. Moved in Munich, Germany and joined the Germany army when WWI broke out in 1914.
Hitler in WWI- Hitler was wounded twice while serving. Injured by a shell explosion. Temporarily blinded by a mustard gas attack. There is a story that Hitler could have been shot by the French soldier, Henry Tandy, was spared.
After WWI- Hitler starts spying on the new Nationalist Socialist German Party(Nazi) for the German military. Hitler quickly realized that this group discussed topics that he believed in. Hitler dropped out of the military and joined the Nazi Party and quickly rose to become the leader. Hitler found out that he had the power of speech and persuasion during this time.
Hitler was sentenced 5 years of prison for trying to over throw German government only serves 9 months, and wrote his book in their also.
Hitlers Rise to Power- Hitler is appointed Chancellor in 1933. President Paul von Hindenburg died shortly after and Hitler dissolves the Weimer Republic. Early Actions of Hitler: Drops out of the League of Nations. Starts rearming Germany. Rearms the German Rhineland area
Wednesday- Mr. Bruns talks more about the power point and Adolf Hitler. Movie due Monday.
Anschluss with Austria-1938- Hitler born in Austria, Austria asked to be apart of Germany in 1931. The leader of Austria said lets vote. Hitler didn't want them to vote, because he was scare they would vote no. He then gave them and ultimatum and said either pick us or if you don't then we'll invade you. Austria says I do, we'll become apart of Germany. It was like they had a gun to their head, because if they didn't become apart of Germany they would've been invaded and would've lost.
Munich Conference- Neville Chamberlain- Great Britain. Adolf Hitler-Germany Benito Mussolini-Italy Eduard Daladier- France. "Peace for our time" Hitler was given Sudetenland of Czechoslovakia. Hitler promised that he was done taking over territories. Hitler wanted to re-unite all German speaking people. Became known as the "Policy of Appeasement"
Hitler Takes over all of Czechoslovakia-March, 1939- Czech president Hacha's Meeting with Hitler. After Hacha is done talking, Hitler starts to freak out, and says if you don't do what I say then we'll invade tomorrow. Hacha backs down and allows him to take over his country. Hitler then adds them to the rike of Germany. Hitler was pleased that he didn't have to invade them. Looks like Poland will be next and it is.
Nazi- Soviet Non-Aggression Pact- Russia gave raw materials to Germany in exchange for money and weapons. Both agreed to stay neutral if the other entered the war. Secretly agreed to invade and split Poland. Germany would get the Western half and USSR the eastern half. Russia would get Finland, Estonia and Latvia and Germany would get Lithuania.
How did the World React to this Pact?- Shock, Poland stuck "between a rock and hard place". Hitler thought it would force Great Britain and France to back out of their promise to help Poland if attacked. German/USSR invasion of Poland-Blitzkrieg. German force invade on Poland September 1, 1939.
Thursday- Mr. Bruns goes over power point again. Took notes. Movie due Monday.
The "Phony War" Ends: Spring 1940- Denmark, Norway. Belgium, Netherlands, and France Germany took these countries over and invaded them fairly quickly. Had take an amphibious assault(on the water) French and German plans for the Battle of France 1940. France was taken over.
Miracle of Dunkirk- Germans were pushing the French and British troops back to Dunkirk. All the people escaped on the boats.. hundreds and thousands.
France surrenders June, 1940- A divided France- The Vichy government. Henri Petain. The French Resistance. The Maquis would blow up things and sabotage things.
Axis Invasion of the Balkans(Yugoslavia)-1941 War was all positive until may-June in 1942 Europe was not in good shape. New Britain is the only one left. Everyone else was taken over
Winston Churchill had given two main speeches after the wars.
Nazi Goals for Battle of Britain- Operation Sea Lion. Destroy the Royal Air force (before invasion was possible-hopefully by 9-15) Attack and destroy the British Navy. Attack British Troops. Once air control was gained the invasion of Great Britain would begin. Germany never succeeded #1 German bombers did so poorly against the RAF that they started bombing at night only. Great Britain was aided heavily by the radar and Ultra.
Friday- No school
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