Monday-
Germany-
- One people, one empire, one leader
- Treaty of Versailles- Lost land to France, Belgium, Denmark, Czechoslovakia
- Germany lost land all around the world
- Military- Military was dismantled
- Financial- Lost a lot of land, resources
- Had to pay $33 billion to the Allies (GB/France)
- League of Nations was set up to keep world peace
German Reaction to the Treaty of Versailles
- Many right wing groups such as the Nazis believed in the Dolchstoss Theory (Stab in the back theory)
- There was anger throughout Germany when the terms were made public
- Treaty was seen by Germans as being forced on them and the Germans had no choice but to sign it
- People in Germany didn't want the Treaty signed
- Hitler was born in Austria in 1889
- Beaten by his father
- Swastika- Sign of peace
Beer Hall Putsch- Hitler was arrested, put to trial, and was prisoned
Tuesday-
Hitler Rise to Power
- Hitler is appointed Chancellor in 1933
- President Paul con Hindenburg dies shortly after and Hitler dissolves the Weimer Republic
Early Actions of Hitler:
- Drops out of League of Nations
- Starts rearming Germany
- Rearms the German Rhineland area
Munich Conference-
- Hitler was given the Sudetenland of Czechoslovakia
- Hitler promised that he was done taking over territories
- Hitler wanted to re-unite all German speaking people
- Became known as the "Policy of Appeasement"
Hitler takes over all of Czechoslovakia
- 1939
- Great Britain and France don't do anything
- At the meeting they come to agreement that the next thing Hitler does, we need to stand up to him
Nazi-Soviet-German non-aggression pact
- Russia gave raw materials to Germany in exchange for money and weapons- Trading agreement
- Both agreed to stay neutral if the other entered war
- Secretly agreed to invade and split Poland. Germany would get the western half and USSR and eastern half
- Russia would get Finland, Estonia, Latvia.
- Germany would get Lithuania
How did the world react to this pact?
- Shocked
- Poland was scared
- Hitler thought it would force Great Britain and France to back out of their promise to help Poland if attacked
Countries in 1940 that Hitler takes over- Netherlands, Denmark, Norway, Belgium, France, Russia
Countries in 1939 Hitler takes over- Czechoslovakia, Poland
Wednesday- Career Fair
Thursday-
Continuing Germany-
Results-
- May 1941, Germany decided to focus on attacking British ships and ports and thus stopped attacking cities
- Bitish losses around 40,000 civilian deaths
- 46,000-139,000 injured
- Germany looses 3,363 aircrew and 2,265 aircraft
- Britain won by the fact that Germany didn't achieve their goal
German Invasion of USSR-
- Final plan for Operation Barbarossa
- Decided to go after 3 cities
3 major battles-
- Battle for Moscow
- Russian winter sets in and makes a huge turning point in the war
- Battle of Stalingrad
Siege of Leningrad-
- Germans took over railroads cutting them off from the rest of Russia
- Germans surrounded the city to starve the city into submission
- Germans never took Leningrad but it was one of the most costly conflicts Russia had ever faced-over one million dead
Where did the US fight first?
- North Africa
Italian Campaign "Operation Avalanche
- George S. Patton leads American troops
- German troops surrendered over 275,000 troops
D-Day-
- Germans knew it was coming
- Started building a barrier
- Slowed down tanks
Battle of the Bulge-
- Hitler's last offense
- Worst battle of US lost with Germany in the war
US and Russian soldiers meet at the Elbe River (In Germany)
- April 25, 1945
- We meet and shake hands for the first time
- Didn't last
- Became enemies
Hitler Commits Suicide-
- April 30, 1945
- Cyanide pills and shot himself
- Didn't want to be captured by the Soviets
Friday-
Nazi Propaganda
Holocaust-
- Genocide of approximately 6 million Jews during WWII
- Program of systematic state-sponsored extermination by Nazi Germany throughout Nazi-occupied territory
- Approximately two-thirds of population of nine million Jews who had lived in Europe before the Holocaust died
- Some say that the definition of the Holocaust should also include the Nazis' killing in millions of people in other grounds from Germany and other territories
- By this definition, the total number of Holocaust victims would be between 11 million and 17 million people
Who was Inferior According to Hitler-
- Jews (6 million died)
- Homosexuals
- Gypsies
- Communists/Socialists
Lebensborn-Fount of Life
- Wanted living space for German people in Russia (Ukraine)
- Program aided to promote the growth of superior Aryan populations by providing excellent health care and living conditions to women and by restricting access to those deemed "fit
- Houses were set up throughout Germany and many occupied territories
- Many Lebensborn children were born to unwed mothers which helped lead to many rumors of rape
- Contrary to widespread rumors, women weren't forced to have relations with Aryan Germans
Hitler's Jewish Question-
- What should we do with the Jews?
10 things Hitler did with the Jews?
- Genocide
- Move Jews to Madagascar
- Temporarily suspend civil liberties for all citizens
- Concentration camps
- Jews are prohibited from working as civil servants, doctors in the National Health System, and teachers in public schools
- Most Jewish students are banned from public high school and colleges
Nuremburg Laws-
- Took away German citizenship from Jews thus making Jews second class citizens by removing their basic civil rights
- Established membership in the Jew race as being anyone who either considered themselves Hewish or had 3 or 4 Jewish grandparents. People with one of two Jewish grandparents were considered to be mixed race
- Eventually anyone with at least one Jewish grandparent was at risk in Nazi Germany
- Jews could only marry Jews
- No sexual relations between non-Jewish Germans and Jews
1936-
- Nazis boycott Jewish-owned business
Kristallnacht
- Nazis roamed through Jewish neighborhoods breaking windows of Jewish businesses and homes, burning synagogues and looting
- 101 synagogues were destroyed
1938 Continue-
- All Jewish kids are expelled from public schools in Germany and Austria
- Nazis take control of Jewish-owned businesses
Hitler's final solution-
- Genocide
1939-
- Hitler orders the systematic murder of the mentally and physically disabled in Germany and Austria
- Jews are required to wear armbands or yellow starts
1940-
- Nazis begin deporting German Jews to Poland
- Jews are forced into ghettos
- Nazis begin the first mass murder of Jews in Poland
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