Week 6 and 7 2/5-16

[6Emily]

Monday-

Bonus Expeditionary Force

---demanding an early payment of $1,000 for their services in WW1. The Government had promised to make the payment in 1945. However, the jobless veterans could not wait until them. The number of veterans protesting in Washington DC grew to over 20,000. Hoover towns sprang up everywhere

 

FDR’s Brain Trust-The brain team

Harry Hopkins-Social worker and the architect of much of the new deal

Frances Perkins-Sec. Of Labor and first female in the Cabinet

 

Fireside Chats

Talked on the radio to the people about what's going on

 

Deficit Spending and Priming the pump

Get the stock market going again, get the economy running

 

PRESENTATIONS

 

Farmers

Employed

REA-May 11 turned into REC Promoted electricity, power, water to Farmers Give more farmers jobs Still around Farm Security Act-1935 To fight rural poverty Help poor farmers Famous afro small but influential [photo program that showed the challenges of poverty Now Farmers Home Administration Help those affected by the dust bowl Didn't make their goal of 650,000 people Poor management Hired photographers and writers to bring awareness to the poverty and poorness of the farmers “Introducing america to americans” Granted small farmers money to establish new farms AAA-May 1933 Ruled unconstitutional but passed again in 1937 Pay farmers to cut back on crop profuction so that crop prices would rise and income of the farmer would not be so slow Controlled the supply of seven basic crops Did what they wanted it to do but now it isnt something we want Started to help at the end of the Great Depression however needed more food during WW1 Burnt Crops, destroy food, kill animals

WPA May 6 8.5 million new jobs 4,000 schools 130 hospitals Ended in June 1943 Everyone started to quit Money went to Military for WWII Federal Project 1-Sep 1935 Employed writers Gave musicians shows Federal Project 1-Sep 1935-1943 Employed writers, musicians, and artist PWA-1933 Gave government control of the public works Awarded big projects Made Highways, airports, dams, and irrigation 34,000 large scale projects Core industry of steel and lumber Gave jobs to both skilled and ameture Ended in 1939 because it wasn't needed Spent over $6 billion CWA-1963 Create manual labor jobs during the winter Received funding from PWA FERA After 2 months reach 4,263,644 jobs 44,000 miles of new road 1,000 miles of water mains 1,000 new or improved airplanes Ended in 1934 Brought back in 1935(WPA) National Industrial Recovery act-June 3 1933 Let the cirrent [residenthelp regulate the industry for fair wages and prices the will help stimulate recovery Wasnt succesful, declared unconstitutional Ended May 1935

 

Banks

Factory Workers

NRC Jan 22-Sep 28 1957 Federal Agency that was supposed to create stability to banks and give them loans “Trickle Down” Restored countries confidence and stability in banking system Higher taxes money given to railroads, banks, agriculture Politicized Targeted big businesses and upper class EBRA-March 9, 1933 Restoring public confidence in the nation's financial system after a weeklong bank holiday Dow Jones gained over 15% Ended the banking crisis and set the economy on the path to recovery

National Labor Relations Act 1935 Protect rights of employees and employers (NLRB)  Democracy among employees Eliminated injustice Required employers to acknowledge favorable labor unions Gave employees more power Caused the Taft-Hartley Act Restricts the board “New movement of slave labor” Caused Landrum-Griffin Act Gave power “Bill of Union for Acts” FLSA Established minimum pay, overtime, record keeping, child labor union 40 hours per week Does the same thing still

 

Young People

Housing

CCC-April 5 Roosevelt's tree army YOung men jobs Hired them to plant trees fight forest fire, and build dams Given clothing, room, tutoring $25 a month to send back to family 800 national parks 300,000 men to work Planted 3 billion trees Ended in 1942 due to the war NYA-1935 Gave jobs to young people so they could continue education Jobs in maintenance, landscaping, and forestry 4 million people Ended 1943 so people would fight

USHA-1937 Clear out slums for nice places--no more crime Build low cost homes $800 million for 587 apartments Tenants only pain half and the government paid the rest Now the Federal Works Agency by Reorganization HOLC-June 13,1933 refinanced home mortgages that were in risk during the great depression Loans applied to homes that didnt house more that 4 people Non farming residents, not worth more than $20,000 Buy old mortgages from banks with government bonds Provided funds to pay off mortgages Provided million new mortgages but ran out of money People couldn't pay what the mortgages could FDIC-1933 Responded to the bank failures Preserves and promotes confidence in the banks Induring the banks $250,000 Identifuing, monitoring and addressinf risks to the deposit insurance funds;and by limiting the eddects on the economy and thefinancial system when a bank fails Very succesful, no depoositor has lost a single cent Still around

 

Dust bowl

Native Americans

Location:Texas, Kansas, Oklahoma, Colorado, New Mexico Causes:Farming, Lack of water, Heavy winds, Lack of trees Affects:no crops could grow, caused death, almost impossible to live there, no water for animals or people Okies-refugees from oklahoma area who fled away to find work About 16 thousand went to california Locust and jack rabbit problem Came from nowhere Ate every crop possible 26 thousand per acre Had to call national guard Hearded thousands of rabbits in pens to kill them How it ended Started to rain, new practices(terraces, alternating crops), Soil conservation

Indian Reorganization Act-June 28,1934 Replaced the Dawes act Regain trust Ended the allotment of tribal lands Recognized tribal governments and encouraged tribes to adopt constitutions Prohibited lands from being taken away from tribes WITHOUT their consent They have the power to their assets It might have helped some tribes but destroyed others Still known as the Indian Reservation act or the Indian Deal

 

Consumers	Stock Market
Food, Drug, and Cosmetic act 1930 Safety was the main purpose Turned into the FDA SUccessful, turned into FDA “Gold standard of today” LOts of test done on each product	Securities and Exchange commision-JUne 6, 2984 Regulated stock market Protect investors Maintains fair, orderly, efficient markets Facilitates capital formation Created to restore the public's confidence in financial markets During the depression it helped after not as much Still around, helps so that investors know the basic facts about an investment before they but it

 

13-16 gone

NIRA and AAA were both declared unconstitutional. FDR proposed to add 6 more people to the Supreme Court. Did not pass have always had 9 Justices.

• Reasons for Opposition to FDR and the New Deal-
• Created a very powerful president that led Congress, this was a vilation of checks and balances.
• It was a radical departure from Laissez Faire ideals.  Created "big government".
• Some acts were unconstitutional.
• Heavy debt burden-the United States was engaged in deficit spending and this was unhelathiy for the economy in the long run.
• Opponents
• Some say FDR went too far. Spent too much money.
• Others say he didn't do enough. He needed to do more.
• What does that probably say about what FDR did as President?- likely he was doing just enough for our country.
• Share-Our-Wealth- Senator Huey Long
• "Every man a King"

2/14- 2/16- no school