- forum post leaders
- Hoover's background and the 1928 election:
Born in West Branch, Iowa. both parents died before he was 10. Lived with uncle and aunt in Oregon. studied at Stanford University, had a degree in geology, became a mining engineer. WWI: gave food and helped people. Secretary of commerce for the cabinet and ran for president in 1928. Al Smith ran as a democrat.
Efficiency in gov, record of prosperity for republicans, pro-business, reformed immigration laws, supported prohibition
- What did Hoover do to help the GD?:
People believed he didn't really do anything to help them. His philosophy of not spending too much money and being patient was not really appreciated. Federal farm board: stabilize prices and promote the sale of agricultural products. Mexican repatriation.
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- Hoover:
Revenue Act: Increased taxes so us gov had more money
Hawley-Smoot tariff: raised tariffs to record levels (make people buy american products)
Reconstruction finance corporation: 1932. Gave money to banks, business (= trickle down theory) to create jobs and projects for people.
- FDR:
wealthy, went to great college, senator of NY, assistant secretary of the navy,
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Our video: impact of the stock market crash and the great depression on people's lives.
Survey (bullying)
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New Deal programs:
Young People:
- CCC (Civilians conservation corps): passed in 1933. CCC members worked 40 hours a week and were paid $30 and $25 were required to go to the family. Members lived on camps, wore uniforms. Only for poor young men (18-25 yo). US Army operated the camps and provided food, clothing... Built roads, buildings, planted trees, stopped soil erosion...
- NYA (National Youth Administration): pushed by Eleanor Roosevelt. Served 327,000 high shool and college youth who were paid $6 to $40 a month for work study projects at their schools. Allowed thousands of young people to stay in school, included young women.Option to have a Part time work from $10 to $25 a month.
Unemployment:
- FERA (Federal Emergency Relief Act): set the welfare. Distributed money to the unemployed. Direct relief measures, provide work for employable people, provide many different types of relief programs.
- PWA (Public Work Administration): created jobs in construction projects: roads, buildings, bridges, airports, dams, hospitals... Responsible for the construction of 70% of the schools and 33% of the hospitals built between 1933-1939.
- CWA (Civil Work Administration): created construction jobs, worked for 1 year and was cancelled.
- WPA (Works Progress Administration): largest New Deal agency. Provided work even for unskilled workers.
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Banks: Bank holiday, EBRA, FDIC, Banking act
Stocks: FSA, SEC
Energy: TVA, REA
Unemployed: CWA, PWA, WPA, FERA
Young: CCC, NYA
Labor unions-Factory workers: NIRA, NRA, FLSA, NLRB
Houseowners: HOLC, FHA, USHA
Farmers: AAA, SCDAA, REA, TVA, FSA
Old People: SSA
AAA: paid people to let their fields still, killed animals in hope to raise prices, destruction of crops to reduce surplus. Farm prices doubled. Declared unconstitutional.
SCDAA: payed farmers to reduce production to conserve soil and prevent erosion. Planting trees and native grass. 3 years after the act was adopted, soil erosion had dropped 65%. Educated farmers on how to farm with damaging.
Rural Electrification Administration: provided farms unexpensive electric lighting and power and telephone service
FSA: gave money to small farmers to purchase farms
HOLC: was established to refinance homes to prevent foreclosure
FHA: improved house standards and conditions. insured loans made from the banks for home buildings and home buying
USHA: lend money to city gov to build low income houses.
Social security administration: provides retirement, disability and survivors benefits.
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