Week of Jan. 8- Jan. 12

[6Aimie]

1/3- went over rules. / 1/4- watched a video.

1/5- went over 1920's presentation.

• Nicknames
  • Roaring 20's - economy, industries, music were booming.
  • The jazz age
  • Republican era
  • The Lost Generation(1883-1900)
  • Boom to Bust
  • Decade of Normalcy
  • Prosperity Decade
  • Prohibition Era
  • The Advertising Age
  • The Golden Age of Sports
  • Era of Permanent  Prosperity

• Key Topics
  • Red Scare- people were scared of communism. Thought immigrants would take over.
    • Communism- Practice vs. Theory 
    • Vladimir Lenin- leader of the Soviets from 1917 to 1924.

• Immigration
• Republican philosophy
• Impact of automobiles
• Women's rights
• Prohibition
• Entertainment
• Stock Market crash

1/8

• The Palmer Raids- a series of raids conducted by the Department of Justice to capture and arrest suspected radicals and deport them from the United States.
  • The raids and arrests occurred in November 1919 and January 1920 under the leadership of Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer and J. Edgar Hoover.
  • Raids started after there were strikes that got national attention, race riots in more than 30 cities, & 2 sets of bombings in April and June 1919, including 1 bomb mailed to Palmer's home.
  • More than 500 foreign citizens were deported during the raids.

• Sacco & Vanzetti- In 1920, 2 men robbed & murdered a paymaster & his guard as they transferred $15,776 from the Slater & Morrill Shoe factory.
  • Due to the anti-immigrant, anti-communist times of the Red Scare, two Italian immigrants & known anarchists, Nicola Sacco & Bartolomeo Vanzetti, were accused & arrested fro the crime, despite little evidence against them.
  • They were convicted on circumstantial evidence of capital murder and sentenced to death.
  • They appealed their convictions but they lost and were executed in 1927.

• Immigration- severely limit immigration in 20's because they might be communists.

• The Immigration Act of 1924 greatly reduced immigration to US. The law was aimed at restricting immigration of Southern Europeans, Eastern Europeans, and Jews.  Restricted the immigration of Africans and prohibited the immigration of Arabs, East Asians, and Indians. The purpose of the act was "to preserve the ideal of American homogeneity".

• Presidents- Harding, Coolidge & Hoover.

1/9

• Republican Philosophy(1920's)- bring back conservatism. 
  • Low taxes, high tariffs and less government.
  • Lower immigration
  • Trickle-down theory- give tax breaks to big businesses and trickle down to everyone else through job opportunities. 
  • Laissez-faire- government stays out of businesses.
  • Rugged individualism 
  • A return to "Normalcy" 

• Albert Fall-Teapot Dome Scandal- largest scandal during Harding presidency.

• Warren Harding's Death and Funeral- he was 58 (2 years older than average). He was in bad health.

1/10

• Airplanes in the 1920's- 
  • Mail carrying
  • Transporting small groups of people.
  • Military
  • Entertainment
  • Major feats

• Rural vs. Urban
  • 1920 Census- 51.2 people lived in cities of 2,500 or more.
  • 1922-1929- more than 2 million people moved from farms to the cities each year.
  • Rural areas tried to hold on to moral values and close social relationships.

• Prohibition "The Noble Experiment"
  • 18th Amendment(1920-1933)
    • The manufacture, sale and transportation of alcoholic beverages was illegal.
    • Supporters believed alcohol brought about corruption, crime, wife and child abuse and accidents.
  • Alcohol was allowed for medicinal and religious purposes.
    • Prescriptions and sacramental wine orders skyrocketed.
  • The Volstead Act created the Prohibition Bureau to enforce the law. 
  • Prohibition failed for 3 reasons:
  1. People despised it. Saw ti as government meddling in people's lives.
  2. The Prohibition Bureau was underfunded. Had 1,500 people to supervise the country.
  3. Organized crime went up.
• Bootlegging in the 1920's
  • Illegally making or distributing alcohol.
• Bootleggers-
  • • People that made or transported alcohol.
    • Named because people carried liquor in the legs of boots.
    • Most imported alcohol came in from Canada, Cuba or the West Indies.
  • The biggest threat to the bootlegger was not the Prohibition Bureau but hijacking.
• Moonshine-
  • Alcohol made secretly in home made stills.
  • Several hundred people a year died from drinking moonshine during the 1920's.
  • In 1929 it is estimated that 700 million gallons of beer were produced in American homes.
• Speakeasies-
  • To obtain alcohol illegally, people went underground to secret vars called speakeasies(people spoke easily or quietly about it)
  • Speakeasies could be anywhere.
  • To be admitted a card or password had to be given.

• Organized Crime-
  • Came about as a result of Prohibition.
  • Every major city had it's gang.
  • Al Capon's bootlegging business in Chicago made over $60 million a year.
  • Due to gang violence, only 19% of Americans supported Prohibition by 1925.
  • Prohibition was repealed in 1933 by the 21st Amendment.
  • Al Capon was taken down by Tax Evasion.

1/11- no school / 1/12- work day on projects.