Friday -
- What is World History? BC and AD?
- Before Christ and Anno Domini (Latin for "in the year of our lord")
- How old is the Earth?
- 4.6 billion years
- Where were the oldest human fossils found?
- Africa - Specifically Tanzania and Ethiopia
- Who found the oldest human fossils?
- Louis and Mary Leakey, Donald Johanson, Recent scientists
- What are some of the biggest achievements in world history?
- Invention of tools, mastery of fire, development of language, invention of wheels, invention of boats ( the sail ), art.
Louis and Mary Leakey
- Searched for hominid remains in Tanzania from the 1930's - 1970's
- Hominids - the group consisting of all modern and extinct Great apes.
- Found human-like fossils in 1959 in the Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania.
Donald Johanson
- Discovered a 3.2 million years old fossil of a female skeleton in Ethiopia named "Lucy"
Agricultural revolution
- Prior to more organized agriculture, people were nomadic and hunted animals and gathered plants - Hunter-gatherer.
- They lived in groups of about 25-70 people.
- No one knows exactly how things changed, but about 10,000 years ago, people started more organized farming.
- Along with planting crops, people also domesticated animals such is horsed, dogs, goats and pigs.
Monday -
- As time went on, people started setting up villages, witch then, over time, turned into towns and then some into cities.
- As cities emerges, more complex ways of thinking and living emerged leading to civilization.
- As cities grew, social classes emerged.
Civilization
- A highly advanced society
Five traits of civilization
- Advances cities.
- Writing/recording things down.
- Specialized workers.
- Complex institution.
- Advances technology.
What are natural boundaries?
- Rivers, borders
Why are defensible borders important for a civilization to thrive?
- Don't have to worry about outside innovators.
What are some natural boundaries that would be helpful to an early civilization?
- Water source/ big body of water
- Mountains
- Deserts
Tuesday -
Chapter 2
- Fertile Crescent -
- Mesopotamia - Greek for “land between 2 rivers."
- City-state - A state that has its own government and the surrounding territory it controls. Functioned like an independent country.
- Dynasty - A series of rulers from a single family-father to son.
- Cultural diffusion - The spreading out of culture, culture traits, or a cultural pattern from a central point.
- Polytheism - Belief in many gods.
- Monotheism - Belief in only on god.
- Empire - Group of territories or nations ruled by a single ruler.
- Delta - A broad, marshy area for land formed by deposits of silt here a river runs into a bigger body of water.
- King Narmer - King of Egypt that many believe untutored upper and lower Egypt.
- Pharaoh - The god-kings of Egypt-seen as almost as powerful as the gods of the heavens.
- Theocracy - Government headed by religious leader or a leader regarded as a god.
- Pyramid - Huge structure where the Egyptian pharaohs are placed after they die
- Mummification - Process for drying and embalming a corpse to prevent decay. Usually reserved for royalty and the rich.
- Hieroglyphics - Egyptian form of writing.
- Papyrus - what Egyptians wrote on. Came from papyrus reeds found in marshy areas.
- Indian Subcontinent - Landmass that includes Pakistan, India and Bangladesh.
- Monsoon - Seasonal winds that can bring dry air or heavy rain-Huge impact on India.
- Mandate from Heaven - A just ruler that has approval from the gods. An unjust ruler can lose their mandate to rule.
- Dynastic cycle - The rise, fall and replacement of dynasties
- Feudalism - A political system in which the king gives lad to nobles/lord and in returns, they vow loyalty and military service to the king. (used in China, Japan and Europe)
Egyptians
- Political - Who controls what? What type of government is there? anything to do with laws or war? how/when did they come into power? how/when did they lose power?
- Economic - what type of economy? how did people make a living?
- Geography - Where is it? dies it have natural barriers? is the land mountainous? desert?
- Social - Religion, education, art, entertainment , gender roles.
- Include any advances they made technologically, politically, etc.
Wednesday - Working on our projects
Thursday - work on our projects
Friday - presenting our projects
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