1.Describe Native American cultures before and after the arrival of the Europeans.Nomadic, hunted and gathered, fur trade, warring with other tribes2.Describe reasons why Europeans started exploring in the late 1400’s.Gold and silver, shorter route to Asia, silk, spices3.List the major countries(including main explorers) that explored the New World and where they settled.Spain, France, Portugal, Britain, Netherlands. Cortez conquered the Aztecs, Columbus, Magellan was the first one to circumnavigate the world4.Describe reasons why Europeans came over from Europe and problems they faced.Religous Reasons, Gold, Silver, Lumber, Fur, Tobacco, New Life, Better Opportunities, Adventures.Problems-Native Americans, Lack of Food, Death, Disease, Weather.5.Describe the impact the French and Indian War had on the American colonies.Higher Taxing and taxes being enforced6.Describe the causes and effects of the Revolutionary War.Taxing, Boston Tea Party, The Battle of Lexington and Concord, Boston Massacre, Declaration of IndependenceEffect- We got independence7.Describe the purpose of the Declaration of Independence and what it talked about.To Declare Independence. Listing things that King George III did to us8.Describe the set up of the Articles of Confederation and why it failed as a government.State Government had all the Power, Federal Government had almost no power9.Describe what the US Constitution does(including amendments).Protects people's rights and sets up the three branches of our government10.Describe the causes and effects of the Texas War for Independence.Mexico wanted the Texans to convert to Catholicism, and they couldn't bring slaves. But they were prodestants and they brought slaves, so the Mexicans cracked down on the rules and the Texans didn't like it and fought back. They won and became a separate country then were annexed by the U.S.11.Describe the causes and effects of the Mexican-American War.There was a border dispute and the President sent troops to the border of what we thought and the Mexicans attacked us and we went to war and got a lot of land from them12.Describe how the US grew as a nation.When the U.S. defeated Great Britain, their border was Atlantic Ocean and Mississippi OceanMade the Louisiana Purchase from FrancePurchased Florida from SpainAnnexed TexasBought California, Nevada, New Mexico, Arizona from Mexico after we won the warGadsen Purchase from Mexico to build transcontinental railroad13.Describe reasons people moved westward in the early parts of our history and the problems they faced.Cheap land, gold, new life, adventure, farming, fur trapping, religious freedomProblems- Starvation, disease, Native Americans, wild animals, weather, transportation issues14.Describe some new technologies/inventions that came about in the 1800's that changed the face of the US forever.Cotton gin-lower prices of clothes, slaves; steel plow-helped plow the ground to farm; railroads-revolutionized transportation; Morse Code and Telegraph- changed communication forever; better, more modern weapons15.Describe how the North and South developed differently.North-IndustrySouth-Agriculture16.Describe major events, compromises and incidents leading up to the Civil War.Compromise of 1820- California is a free state; Fugitive Slave Law passed; popular sovereignty;D.C. could have slaves; Slave Trade banned in D.C.17.Describe the North's and South's goals in the Civil War.North-Save the Union; abolish slavery18.Describe the advantages of the North and South during the Civil War.South-Fighting on home turf, better generals, better causeSouth-More states which equals more people and more troops, more railroad lines, more telegraph lines, more factories, more money19.Describe what Reconstruction did to the South and the rest of the country.1865-1877; The period of time after the Civil War in which the South had to be rebuilt and reorganized and brought back into the Union.Presidents Lincoln and Johnson wanted to be easy on the SouthThe Republicans dominated the North; The Democrats dominated the SouthIn 1866, Congress took care of reconstructionRadical Republican Reconstruction rebuilt south socially, politically, and physically. They split the South into 5 military districts controlled by U.S. Army. The 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments were passed.13th-abolished slavery14th-gave African Americans citizenship; equal protection of the laws15th-gave male African Americans the right to voteFreedman's Bureau set up to help former slaves. Southern governments taken over by "carpetbaggers" and "scalawags". These governments set up schools, raised taxes, built railroads, helped ex-slaves, and industrialized the South. Governments were accused of widespread corruption by southerners."The Corrupt Bargain"- Reconstruction ended in 1877. The South and Democrats in general accepted the controversial results of the 1876 Presidential election which gave Republican Rutherford B. Hayes the presidency over Samuel Tilden. The republicans in turn agreed to pull troops out of the South and end Reconstruction.Effects of Reconstruction? Established the "Solid South" until 1964. After the North left, the "Redeemers" took over Southern governments and established white, racist government. Set up Jim Crow laws and segregation.
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