Classical Greece
Sea
- Allowed for great oportunity for trade and travel.
-important because it allowed greece to get natural resources the ta it lacked.
Land
-Rugged mountains covered about 3/4 of ancient Greece.
-Mountains were often the divider for different regions
-played a big role in wars becaus they were hard to move through.
Climate
-upper 40's in winter
-lower 80's in summer
-Climate allowed for many different outdoor activities.
Minoan influence
-created an eegant civilization that had great power that started around 3000BC.
-influenced writing, language, design, trade, and used ships to trade goods.
Myceneans Develops
were heavily influenced by the Minoans
-they came from Indo-Europeans Migrants
-Dominated Greece from 1600 BC to 1100 BC
Dorian
-spoke a kind of Greek
-Not as advanced an the others, no writing system.
-focused more on story telling
-best storyteller- Homer
Change
-Dorian and the Mycenaean people started to identify less with culture of their ancestors and more with the local area.
-government made transition
Government
-a polis was made up of a city ans its surroinding countryside, which would include numerous villages.
-citizens of the polis would come together to meet at an acroplis to discuss their city.
Monarchy
-state ruled by a king
-rule is hereditary
-some rulers claim that they have a divine right to rule
-practiced in mycenaea
Aristocracy
-state ruled by nobility
-rule is hereditary and based on ties, social rank, welth.
Oligarchy
-state ruled by a small group of citizens
-rule is based on wealth and/ or ability
-ruling group controls the military
Direct Democracy
-state ruled by the citizens
-rule is based on citienship
-majority rule decides vote
Athens
-about the 600 BC, Athens was taking steps towards a democracy.
-there were major reforms for the next 100 years that would eventualy lead to a democracy starting around 500 BC.
Key players
-Draco-
-developed a legal code based on the idea that all Athenians, rich and poor, were equal under law
-he had a very harsh punishments for nearly any crime.
-he believed in debt slavery
-deaconian-extream crualty
-Solon-
-stated that no citizen should own another
-organized athens into four social classes based on wealth
-only top three classes could hold political office
-however all four could participate
-Cleisthenes-
-broke Athens up based on reigion that the citizens lived instead of wealth. (10 groups)
-he increased the power of the assembly by allowing all citizens to submit laws for debate and passage.
-created the council of Five Hundred.
Limited Dmocracy
-the reforms allowed for a limited democracy
-however, but all people were citizens
-requirements-free, adult, property owner, and born in Athens.
Sparta
-Located in teh sothern part of Greece
-Was cut off from the rest of Greece
Sparta government
-several branches
-assembly, all citizens, elected officials and voted on major issues
-council of elders, 30 older citizens
-five elected officials that carried out the laws that were passed by th assembly
-two kings that rueld over spartass military.
Athens vs Sparta
-purpose of education for boys and girls
-responsibilities of citizens and noncitizens
-roles of women in society
-opportunities for artisti expression
-military
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