wednesday September 5, 2012 2nd post

[5th Emily P.]

During the Dorian Period

Changes:

• Dorian and Mycenaean people started to identify less with culture of their ancestors and more the local area
• Government make the transitions from tribal of clan control to more formal governments called city-states

Government:

• A polis was made up of a city and its surrounding countryside, which would include numerous villages
• Citizens of polis would come together to meet at an acropolis to discuss their city government
• Not all city states had the same form of government
• DIRECT FORMS OF GOVERNMENT 4
  • MONARCHY-
    • State ruled by a king
    • Rule is hereditary
    • Some rulers claim that they have divine right to rule
    • Practiced in Mycenae by 2000 B.C.
• Aristocracy-
  • State ruled nobility
  • Ruled is hereditary and based on ties social rank and wealth
  • Social status and wealth supports rulers authority
  • Practiced by Athen prior to 594 B.C.
• Oligarchy-
  • State rule by a small group of citizens
  • Rule is based on wealth and or ability
  • Ruling group controls the military
  • Practiced in Sparta by 500 B.C.
• Direct Democracy-
  • State ruled by the citizens
  • rule is based on citizenship
  •  Not every person is a citizen just because you live there
  • Majority rule decides vote
  • Practiced in Athens by 500 B.C.

 

 

9.4.12 Athens

• About the 600 B.C. taking steps toward a democracy
• There were major reforms for the next 100 years that would lead to Democracy

Key Players

• Draco
  • Developed a legal code based on the idea that all Athenians, rich, poor, were equal under law
  • He had very harsh punishments for nearly every crime
  • He believed in debt slavery
  • The word “draconian” has come to mean “extreme cruelty or severity”
  • Solon
    • Stated that no citizen should own another
    • Organized Athens into four social classes based on wealth
    • Only top three classes could hold political office
    • However, all four could participate in the Athenian assembly
    • Cleisthenes
      • Broke Athens up bases on region that citizens lived instead of wealth
      • He increased the power of the assembly by allowing all citizens to submit laws for debate and passage
      • Created the council of five hundred
        • Proposed laws
        • Counseled the assembly
        • Members were chosen as random

Limited Democracy

• The reforms allowed for a limited democracy
• However, but all people were citizens
• Requirements:
  • Free
  •  Adult
  • Property Owner
  • Born in Athens

 

SPARTA:

• Located in the southern part of Greece
• Was cut off from the rest of Greece by the Gulf of Corinth

Government

• Several Branches
  • Assembly, all citizens, elected officials and voted on major issues
  • Council of elders, 30 older citizens, proposed laws on the assembly to vote on
  • Five elected officials that carried out the laws that were passed by the assembly
  • Two kings that ruled over Sparta’s military