Change
- During the Dorian Period..
- Dorian and the Mycenean people started to identify less with culture of their ancestors and more with local area.
- Govn made the transition from tribal or clan control to more formal government called city states
- A polis was made up of a city and its surrounding countryside, which would numerous villages
- Citizens of the polis would come together to meet at an acropolis to discuss their city government
- Not all city states had the same form of government.
Differnt Types of Governments
Monarchy
- State ruled by a king
- rule is hereditary
- some rulers claim that they have a divine right to rule- means that they believed they were sent to earth to rule these people by God.
- practiced in Mycenae by 2000 BC
Aristocracy
- State ruled by nobility
- rule is hereditary and based on ties, social rank and wealth
- Social statuses and wealth support rulers authority
- Practiced in Athens prior to 594 BC
Oligarchy
- State that is ruled by a small group of citizens
- Rule is based on wealth and or ability
- Ruling group controls the military
- Practiced in Sparta by 500 BC
Direct Democracy
- State ruled by the citizens
- Rule is based on citizenship- you are not just a citizen because you live there
- Majority rule decides vote
- Practiced in Athens by 500 BC
Athens
- About the 600 BC, Athens was taking steps towards a democracy
- There were major reforms fot the next 100 years that would eventually lead to a democracy starting around 500 BC
Key Players
Draco
- Developed a legal code based on the idea that all Athenians, rich and poor, were equal under law
- He had very harsh punishments for nearly any crime
- He believed in debt salary
- The word Draconian has come to mean extreme cruelty or severity
Solon
- Stated that no ncitizen should own another
- Organized Athens into four social classes based on wealth
- only top three classes could hold politial offices
- However, all four could participate in the Athenian assembly
Cleisthenes
- Broke up Athens based upon region that the citizens lived instead of wealth (10)
- He increased the power if the assembly by allowing all citiens to submit laws for debae and passage
- Created the Council of Five Hundred
-Proposed laws
-Counsled the assembly
-Members were chosen at random
Limited Democracy
- The reforms allowed for a limited democracy
- all people were citizens
- Requirements
-Free
- Adult
-Property Owner
-Born in Athens
Sparta
- Located in the southern part of Greece
- Was cut off from the rest of Greece by the Gulf of Corinth
- Several Braches
- Assembly, all citizens, elected officals and voted on major issues
- Council of Elders, 30 older citizens, proposed laws on the assembly to vote on
- Five elected officals that carried out the laws that were passed by the assembly
- Two kings that ruled over Spartas military
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