Architecture
- Acropolis was the main group of buildings in Athens that looked over city
- sacred area that is one of the most recognizable monuments in the world
- took 9 years to build and completed in 438 B.C.
- $3 billion in today's money
- Parathenon and other buildings used for political and cultural achievements
- $3 billion in today's money 15yrs
- Porch of Caryatids has six columns
- female figure engineered so slender necks could support the roof and still look real
- 85 years $130 million
Art
- divine and complex of this time
- Parathanon became the church
Purpose of Buildings
- show cultural and political achievements
- worship gods and goddesses
- political gatherings
- Athens had walls to surround the city
- buy and sell items, drama, education, and law making
- Parthenon used to worship Athena
- celebrate the end of Athens' war with Persia
- The Agora
- like a market place
- food house items
- The Theater of Dionysus
- dramatic plays
- social life
- comedy
- either an actor or watched
- Gymnasium
- children would go to get exercised
- 6 or 7 left homes to go to school
- boys and girls were separated
- parents had to pay
- Phyx
- law making building to vote
- Key players
- Pericles- Parthenon
- Socrates- Son of a sculptor, ugly
- Plato- Prized student of Socrates, made a school called Academus
- Aristotle- Teacher, established a school of Philosophy, scientist loved nature
Questions
Who were the 3 key players of Greek architecture?
Aristotle, Plato, Socrates.
Why did they build the acropolis?
It was political and social center of the city.
Military and Delian League
- used formation called Phalanx
- could be attacked by horses
- used mountains for natural protection
- Naval Warfare
- shipped grain and food into city
- fought by ramming and boarding enemy ships
- major naval force
- Pericles
- major ruler of Athens
- politician democrat
- led many victories
- Socrates
- Philosopher
- scrutinized Athens and praised Sparta because of the way they ran their city
- Plato
- Successor of Socrates ideas
- Aristotle
- student of Plato
- taught Alexander the Great later in life
- Archimedes
- mathematician
- first to calculate Pi
- Pythagoras
- Pythagorean theorem
- Delian league
- Coalition of Greek stated and Athenians
- Main goals to free Ionian Greeks form Persia
- Use sea power
- Persia was run out of Aegean sea
- Persian War
- Marathon, Thermopylae and Salamis
- Weaponry
- swords and armor
- iron knives
- arrowheads
- sling bullets- steel and clay
- Archery
- spears
- Participation
- Make 18 and older who owned land
- mandatory 2 years military training
- Old ways
- rich had to buy your own weapons small army sizes
- Soldiers, from age 18 to 60, physically fit men
- hoplites- infantry
- young men trained for two years in a barracks then went home until called
- hoplites attendants- slaves, carried shields and supplies until they fought
- wealthier citizens were cavalry
- archers
- peltasts were lightly armored and had javelins and small shield
Who was the leader of Athens in the Golden age?
Name 2 of the 3 famous battles of the Persian war.
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