Assigned blog is family heritage or if you can't find anything its what we did last week.Extra credit opportunity on Sat at the library.Ch. 7.2Why did cities grow so quickly in the late 1800's and early 1900's?Cheaper, more convenient, and provided better opportunities. McCorick reaper & steel plow, made farming quicker so the didn't need as many farmers. Called for more unskilled steady job. Settlement house-place where poor people could stay.What problems did cities fact due to the rapid increase in population?Transportation- created mass transit-public tansportation, street cars in 1873, electric subways in 1897,crime-increased because population increased, police were made in 1884, in New York Citysanitation- manure in streets, sewage in gutters, smoke from factoriesfire- Houses were wood and easily caught on fire, lack of water, 1874 sprinklers for buildings, firefighters.water-Didn't have safe drinking water, big cities built public waterways. cholera 1870-filteration.housing- 2 options- boarding house or buy a house. Tenements-multifamily urban dwelling. 1879- New York City passed a law. Apartments had to have venatlation systems.What did some people do to try to help the bad situation in the cities?Made settlement houses,Social Gospel movement-weathly should help the poor, protestant church believed in it. In settlement houses-offered education, shelter.Ch. 7.3What was the political machine and what did they do for a city?gilded means to be covered with gold. Not real machines, big group of politicians. Offered services to voters and businesses. Gained control over government. In pyramid-top-boss, middle-captains, bottom- grunt workers. Made parks, sewer, waterworks, schools, hospitals, orphanges, most were immigrants. Most of the politicians were immigrants so they no what its like for the immigrants so the immigrants are loyal to them . Make up names for voting. Graft-the illegal use of political influence for personal gain. Workers kicked back to political machines.Tell me about Boss Tweed and the Tweed Ring.William M. Tweed aka Boss Tweed. Tammy Hall, NYC's powerful democratic P.M. Group of corrupt politicians to defraud the city. Construction the government were taxing them, 13 million instead of 3 million.1871 Tweed Ring broke, Boss got 120 counts of fraud, 12 years in jail instead went to jail for 1 year.What caused all this corruption in government?Dishonest individuals. Patronage- "the Spoil System" meant giving government jobs to citizens that helped candidates get elected, didn't know what they were doing.. Reformers-half breed tried to eliminate patronage. Rutherford B Haves- elected in 1876What laws came about to reform government?Civil service act of 1883- commission was set up to investigate the federal jobs to make sure they were being honest. Stalvarts- supported whether or not they thought it was right. This period of time was dominated by republicans.Pendleton Service Act- reduce the dishonesty factor, created strong alliance between the government and big businesses.Ulysses S. Grant, Rutherford B. Hayes, James Garfield, Chester Arthur, Grover Cleveland, Benjamin Harrison, Grover Cleveland and William Mckinley were all presidents during the late 1800's. Were they a reform president or a status quo president?
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