Roman Government -
Executive Branch -
Two counsels vs one president
1 year term vs 4 years term
Legislature
Senate -
High social and economic status
serve for life
advises consuls
Centuriate assembly -
Soldiers only chose consuls serve for life
Tribal Assembly -
Ordinary citizens
serve for life
Makes laws
Judaical -
8 judges
1 year by the Centuriate Assembly
Two oversee civil and criminal courts the others govern provinces
Legal code =
Twelve tables
This was a list of rules that was the supreme law of the land in Rome
IN america it is equal to the constitution
Roman Army
Along with their government, the Romans also took great pride in there military as well
All men who owned land were required to serve in the army
Some of the high public office positions required 10 years of military services
Legions -
The Roman army were organized into large military units called Legions
Legions were made up of 5,000 foot soldiers
a group of calvary would support each legion the military was a key factor to Romes success
Expansion -
By fourth century BC the Romans Dominated central Italy
they had defeated the Etruscan to the north And the Greeks city-states to the south
Treatment -
Latins on the Tiber became full citizens
In territory father from Rome the conquered people were citizens as well but didn't have voting power
the remaining people called themselves Allies of Rome
IN group research the Punic wars and Hannibal
Punic wars
The Punic wars were the wars between Rome and carthage.
In the beginning Carthage was the bigger, big navy
Rome was a rapidly ascending power
War took hundreds of years and cost hundreds of thousands of lives
The Punic war is typically divided into three parts
1. mostly a naval war, around Sicily and Africa
who won the war of Rome and Carthaginians
Rome won the war.
Lasting effects of the Punic war on the Romans -
-led to the social instability that brought down the Roman republic and led to the rise of the empire
Lasting effects of the Punic war on the Carthigans
-Carthage spent the years following the war improving its finances and expanding its colonial empire.
Key Players -
Hamilcar Barca - Carthaginian General, father of Hannibal
Hannibal - Carthaginian General who took his armies into Italy. Military genious who incorporated elephants into warfare
Cato - Conservative politician in Rome who advocated the destruction of Carthage. Ended every speech with "And I think Carthage must be destroyed.
King Pyrrhus - The King of Epirus who won a battle but might as well have lost.
Scipio Africanus the Younger - Led Rome in its final war against Carthage.
Livy - The historian who writes about the story of Cincinnatus
Cincinnatus - Roman Hero called on to be dictator during war time, served his duty and returned home to his farm
Cicero - The first-century BC politician and writer
Sulla - Member of the nobiles, made consul for 88 BC
Tiberius Gracchus - Member of nobiles who ruled Rome. Lived 163-133 BC
Octavian - Caesar's adopted son and grandnephew who took command of some of Caesar's legions
Mark Antony - Right hand man of Julius Caesar, joined forces with Octavian
Lucretius - Important poet of the late Republic who followed an old Greek tradition of expounding philosophy in the form of poetry
Sallust - Roman historian who lived through many of the crises after Rome took charge of the Mediterranean.
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