Ch. 7.2
Why did cities grow so quickly in the late 1800's and early 1900's?
- the technological boom.
- city dwellers.
- worked in mills and plants.
What problems did cities face due to the rapid increase in population?
- racial problems.
- Americanization act.
- housing was tight. (tenements, row housing!)
- were not very clean.
- some people put garbage into air shafts.
- disease spread quickly.
What did some people do to try to help the bad situation in the cities?
- The social Gospel movement was an attempt to fix problems in the cities.
- wanted to improve the lives of poor people.
- settlement houses were made to help the people in bad areas.
- was like a community center.
- many workers lived in the settlement houses.
Ch. 6.3:
-Tell me about Andrew Carnegie.
- born nov. 25, 1835
- he came over to america at the age of 12 from scotland.
- andrew was rewared by his boss to buy stock.
- andrew left the railroad company in 1865.
- he set up libraries, public, institutions, and a college.
- he found ways to make better products cheaper.
-Tell me about John D. Rockefeller.
- started an oil company.
- died one of the richest men in the world.
- founded oil.
-What was Social Darwinism and how did it apply to business?
- means that the states who have the fittest will strive in the society.
- SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST!
- he believes that the rich should just become richer.
- caused big businesses to take over small businesses.
-Explain how companies formed monopolies(vertical/horizontal integration, trusts).
- vertical integration a process in which he bought out his supplies in order to control the systems.
- horizontal integrations- companies producing similar products merge.
-How did the government try to regulate business?
- tried to make it so there were not as many labor unions.
- they didn't try for sometime.
-What are labor unions and what is their purpose?
- maintain price structure.
- equal pay equals, equal work by men and women.
- when workers united so they can get better wages and hours.
- craft unionism-requires skilled workers.
- industrial unionism-wanted all skilled and unskilled workers to work in the same environment.
- better pay.
- better working conditions.
- and put and end to child labor.
Were labor unions successful in achieving their goals? Explain/Give examples.
- they were successful, people wanted better wages, safe working conditions, and fewer hours.
- were not successful in the beginning though.
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