Roman Government
Executive branch
- two consuls vs. one president
- 1 year term vs. 4 year term
Legislative
- senate-high social and ecenomis status, serve for life, advises consuls
- Centuriate assembly- soldiers only, chose consuls, serve for life
- Tribal assembly- ordinary citizens, serve for life, makes laws
Judical
- 8 judges
- 1 year by the centuriate Assembly
- two oversee civil and criminal courts (the others govern provinces)
Legal Code
Twelve Tables- list of rules that was the Supreme law of the land in Rome (in America, this is the Constitution)
Army
- along with their government the Romans also took great pride in their country in their military as well
- all men who owned land were required to serve in the army
- some of the high public office positions required 10 years of military service
Legions
- the Roman soldiers were organized into large military units called legions
- legions were made up of 5,000 foot soldiers
- a group of cavalry would support each legion
- the military organization and fighting skill of the roman army were key factors in Rome's rise to greatness
Expansion
- by fourth century B.C. the Romans dominated central Italy
- they had defeated teh Etruscans to the north and the Greek city-states to the south
Treatment
- Latins on the Tiber became full citizens
- in territory farther from Rome, the conquered people were citizens as well but didn't have voting power
- the remaining people became "allies" of Rome
Research
Hannibal was considered one of the greatest military commanders in the Punic Wars. He was a Carthaginian commander. His smarts and tactics kept Carthage in the war with Rome. The Punic War was a war between Rome and Carthage, which consisted of three seperate wars. First Punic War (264 to 241 BC), Second Punic War (218 to 201 BC), Third Punic War (149 to 146 BC).
Rome eventually won the war. Some key players for Rome in the war were King Pyrrhus and Cato who was a politician who wanted Carthage destroyed. Rome won the Punic Wars. The wars led to social instability and the rise of the Roman Empire
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