Wednesday October 3rd

[2ndLogan]

The executive branch:

• Two consuls vs one president

• 1 year term vs 4 year term

Judiciary

• 8 judges
• 1 year term by the Centuriate Assembly
• Two oversee civil and criminal courts (others govern provinces)

Legislative

• Senate
  
  • High social and economic status
  • serve fore life
    
• Centuriate Assembly
  
  • Soldiers only
  • Chose consuls
  • Serve for life
• Tribal Assembly
  
  • Ordinary citizens
  • Serve for life
  • Makes Laws

Legal Code

• Twelve Tables
  
  • This was a list of rules that was the Supreme law of the land in Rome equivalent to our Constitution
    

Army

• Along with their government, the Romans also took great pride in their military as well
• All men who owned land were required to serve in the army.
• Some of the high public office positions required 10 years of military service
• Legions
  
  • The Roman soldiers were organized into large military units called legions
  • Legions were made up of 5,000 soldiers
  • A group of Calvary would support each legion
  • The military organization and fighting skill of the Roman army were key factors in ROme's rise to greatness
    

Expansion

• By fourth century B.C. the Romans dominated central Italy
• They had defeated the Etruscans to the north and the Greek city-states to the South

Treatment

• Latins of the Tiber became full citizens
• In territory father from Rome, the conquered people were citizens as well but didn't have voting power.
• The remaining people became "allies" of Rome

The Punic wars were three wars between Rome and Carthage. The wars lasted for more than a century and the Romans, being land hungry, ended up almost losing the second on but prevailed. The Romans won all 3 wars. Hannibal  was the leader of the military forces of Carthage that fought against Rome in the Second Punic War. Hannibal, who almost overpowered Rome, was considered Rome's greatest enemy. After the war(s) were over, Rome ended up conquering Carthage. Key players were The King Pyrrus of Epirus who won a battle but might as well have lost.