Topics:
-Temperance Movement(movement towards banning alcohol)-18th Amendment
18th amendment-banned hard alcohol 1919, could not do anything but drink or have it at home. (failed miserably) cant import or export, consumption and possession was still legal. ended in 1933 with 21st amendment
-Muckrakers-Upton Sinclair, Ida Tarbell, Lincoln Steffens
people that exposed crime (investigative journalists) they racked up the muts of society
Upton Sinclair - exposed packing plants -famous for his book the jungle (what he found when in the plants and bad conditions and what they did to meat) his work lead to the pure food and drug act.
Ida Tarbell-wrote about standard oil company and what Rockefeller was doing. "history of the standard oil company"
Lincoln Steffens - went after corruption of political systems, people needed to know (state or city people that stole money and stuff)
-Laws making the workplace better, safer, etc
work mens comp- if injured on job they pay salary still and medial stuff
labor unions
child labor laws
-Direct Election of US Senators-17th Amendment
people elect senators, 2 per state no matter population
-Women's Suffrage Movement-19th Amendment
gave women the right to vote 1920, started in 1800's,
Susan B. Anthony
Elizabeth Katy Stanton (arrested several times)
-Teddy Roosevelt's Background
born 1858 in NYC, 2nd of 4 kids, pretty wealthy family, first wife died during child birth, remarried and had 5 more kids, in 1899 elected gov. of NY and in 1900 asked to be VP under McKinly, McKinly assassinated, so hes president 1901-1909 died in 1919 of heart failure-age 60
-Teddy Roosevelt's Domestic Presidential Accomplishments/Issues:
1. Square Deal
name given to his campaign, all about conserving natural resources. set aside land for national parks. broke up trusts, meat inspection act and pure food and drug act, made us more aware of what we eat.
1. conservation of natural resources 2. control of corporations 3. consumer protection
1st green president
2. Breaking up strikes
coal mine strike of 1902-broke it up, told company you need to fix the workers problems it isn't right, he supported workers
3. Breaking up trusts-trust buster
early 1900 3 large monoplolies
broke up 30 major companies (mainly railroads)
4. Regulating railroads-El kins Act, Hepburn Act
?? missed this one
5. Pure Food and Drug Act
passed in 1906, made companies put labels on food so you know whats in it, to stop addictive drugs from being in food.
6. Meat Inspection Act
1906, because of Upton Sinclair's meat reports, they could sell anything as long as it was labeled. important because you have to know what you are eating.
7. Conservation-Transfer Act, Antiquities Act
Antiquities Act-passed by congress, signed by Roosevelt 1906, to set aside a lot of land to national parks and big part of setting aside land for future generation to enjoy
transfer act- made sure people didn't break laws in parks- park rangers
8. Newlands Reclamation Act
act of 1902 funded irrigation project for the lands of 20 states in the west,
9. Gentleman's Agreement
if u.s. stops being racist in immigration Japan would not send Japanese immigrants
10. Federal Employers Liability Act-
dealt with railroad workers (workmens compensation.) pays for you if hurt on the job, in 1908
11. Policy toward African-Americans
-William Howard Taft's Background
born in 1857-1930 27th president
Yale, powerful family/rich family
Most obese president
health got really bad
-William Howard Taft's Domestic Presidential Accomplishments/Issues:
1. Payne-Aldrich Tariff
tariff=tax on imports try to get America to buy American products
business believe us market is bigger than worlds market, its not
lowed some tariffs, rose on some things most the same not many, ticked of progressives, conservatives ticked off
2. Ballinger/Pinchot Land Dispute
upset progressives, taft supported Pinchot - allowed Pinchot to sell land set aside by Roosevelt to big businesses, Ballinger would have been much more conservative. both guys ddelt with land.
3. Breaking up trusts
broke up most of any president 85-95 trusts, went against any trust, broke up standard oil company
4. Income Tax-16th Amendment
allows gov, to place income tax on people of us but cant tax you more just because your state has more people
5. Policy towards African-Americans
wanted to help but didn't do much to enforce laws
NAACP-National association for the advancement of colored people-got rid of grandfather clause
-1912 Presidential Election
1. Democratic candidate and platform
widrow wilson-won because republican split between other two
tariff reduction, anti-trust laws
federal income tax
currency reform
prohibiton
women's rights
a progressive person!
2. Republican candidate and platform
Taft-
break up monopolies
tariff reform
not very environmental
3. Progressive(Bull Moose) Party and platform
someone shot him, finished speech before he went to hospital he felt strong as a Bull mouse
regulate monoploies
set minimum work pay, 8hr work day
reasonable tariff
4. Socialist candidate and platform
v. debs, very progressive,
5. Results and why Wilson won
he had 430ish electoral votes vs. 80
split the republican vote in half
-Woodrow Wilson's Background
couldn't read at 10 years went to Princeton, married in 1885 and had 3 girls was professor at Princeton, governor of New Jersey in 1910-1912, His wife and his cabinet took over presidency for last year because he had a stroke, died at 67 years, 1924
-Woodrow Wilson's Domestic Presidential Accomplishments/Issues:
1. Clayton Anti-Trust Act
broke up monopolies, strengthened Sherman anti-trust act
Labor unions can exist now, strikes, boycotts, picketing ect. became legal
2. Federal Trade Commission Act/Commission-mine
3. Federal Farm Loan Act
in 1916 to uncrease credit to rural farmers, gave them bigger loans, 12 banks, 10 farm association. gave farmers more loan money to increase farms and live better.
4. Underwood Tariff
1913 majorly reduced tariffs from 40%-25% on imports, on all items. reinstated income tax.
5. Federal Reserve Act-mine
6. Keating–Owen Act
eliminated child labor and supreme court declared it unconstitutional
7. Adamson Act
passed law for 8 hour work day, within railroad workers, established 8 hr work day and overtime pay (40 hours a week)
8. US Neutrality in WWI
u.s. declared neutrality in war, meant they wouldn't fight but could supply both sides, Germans started shooting down our ships, then British did same to ships going to Germany, u.s. declared war
9. Policy towards African-Americans
Turned a blind eye. Segregated Washington D.C.
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