Roman Gov. & Military
Executive Branch
- two consuls vs one pres
- 1year term vs 4 year term
Legislative Branch
- senate
- high social and economic status
- serve for life
- advises consuls
- Centuriate Assembly
- soldiers only
- chose consuls
- serve for life
- Tribal Assembly
- ordinary citizens
- serve for life
- makes laws
Judicial Branch
- 8 judges
- 1 year by the Centuriate assembly
- 2 oversee civil and criminal courts (the others gov. provinces)
Legal Code
Twelve Tables
- this is a list of rules that was the supreme law of the land in Rome
- in America, this is equal to the constitution
Army
- along with their gov., the Romans also took great pride in their military as well
- all men who owned land were required to serve in the army
- some of the high public office positions required 10 years of military service
Legions
- the roman soldier were organized into large military units called Legions
- legions were made up of 5,000 ft soldiers
- a group of cavalry would support each legion
- the military organization and fighting skill of the Roman army were key factors in Rome's rise to greatness
Expansion
- by fourth century C, the Romans dominated central Italy
- they had defeated the Etruscan's to the north and the Greek city-states to the south
Treatment
- Latins of the Tiber became full citizens
- in territory farther from Rome, the conquered people were citizens as well but didn't have voting power
- the remaining people became "allies" of Rome
Hannibal -
- Punic Carthaginain military commander,
- considered one of the greatest military commanders in history
- his greatest outbreak was during the second Punic War
- ran for the office of suffete
- he enacted reforms to enable to pay for the war but nobody liked them so he fled into voluntary exile
- he betrayed to the Romans and committed suicide by poisoning himself
Punic Wars
Rome won the first, second and third
Key players:
King Pyrrhus, Hamilcar Barca, Hannibal, Scipio Africanus the Elder, Scipio Africanus the Younger, Livy, Cincinnatus, Cicero, Cato, Sulla, Tiberius Gracchus, Marius, Octavian, Mark Antony, Lucretius, Sallust
lasting effects:
- all Carthaginians had to leave Carthage and settle away from sea. Carthage was seized by the Romans and then they destroyed the place
- Rome got control of Sicily, Sarina, and Corsica
- Rome army began to acquire territory's in eastern medditerranian
Comments