Richard Nixon- He set up the Dirty Tricks Organization. They set up tricks against the democrats who they thought could have a chance to beat them. Richard Nixon used this organization to help him get elected easier. This was a rigged election. They basically took away all the candidates from the democrats who had any sort of chance. It helped him get elected and led him to resigning.
Accomplishments- He was very open to helping women. He set up state committed to get equal black and whites in schools to make sure blacks weren't discriminated. He was the last president to deal with desegregated schools. He did a lot of anti-crime laws. He called himself the law and order president but he really was a crook with the Dirty Tricks Organization. He was fiscally balanced.
Accomplishments- Vietnam conflict dominated much of his presidency- war became very unpopular. Promised to end the war. He wanted to leave Vietnam with peace. He started pulling troops out. He wanted to "Vietnamiztion" Vietman. He wanted them to have control of their government. He was unpopular for expanding the war in Vietnam.
Environment- He did a lot to help the environment
Women- Signed Title 9. Says women have to have the same number of scholarships as men. He did a lot to help women. He did a lot for sports for women.
Equal Employment Opportunity Act- enforces laws against workplace discrimination. based on an individuals race, color national origin.
Other Accomplishments- Approved the development of NASA's Space Shuttle program. Nixon also lowered the maximum speed limit to 55 miles per hour to conserve gasoline during the crisis.
Watergate- It was the home to the democratic national headquarters.
- This is wear they held their campaign.
- They were bugging phones. They noticed one of the bugs wasn't working.
- So they went back in and they caught the 5 men going back in because the way they put the tape on the door.
- When two Washington Post reporters got the story so they kept investigating. Right when they are about to give up on the investigati
- ng.
- The FBI informant "Deep Throat" kept following the money. Nixon was using the CIA to block the FBI investigation. For a year or more Nixon downplayed it. He kept denying.
- FBI eventually confirmed that Nixon was involved.
- Nixon destroyed himself because of all this.
Gerald Ford
- Nixon's VP
- Took over when Nixon resigned
Assignation Attempts
- There were two attempts on his life
- It was attempted by two women
- People didn't like that he was involved with Nixon
Elections
- He was an outstanding athlete at Michigan
- He turned down going to the pros because he wanted to go to politics
- He wasn't voted in by the people
- But he had to be approved by congress
- He lost to Jimmy Carter in the 76 election
Accomplishments
- He reduced the deficit for the first time since WW2
- Pardoned Nixon- a "corrupt bargain"
- He didn't think it would be fair if Nixon had to go to trail and prison
- Offered a conditional amnesty program for Vietnam War draft dodgers who had fled to countries such as Canada. He told them to come back and wouldn't punish them
- Education for All Handicapped Children Act (1975) this was so special education children
- Indochina Migration and Refugee Assistance Act was passed to allow refugees to immigrate to the US
The Vietnam Conflict
- Its a war that we didn't win but didn't really lose
- Helicopters were very important due to the jungle terrain
- There were kids who would kill our soldiers and elderly people
- So sometimes we were forced to kill old people due to what they would do
The French Connection
- France had gained control of Indochina
- During WW2 Vichy France worked with Japanese forces in controlling Indochina during WW2
- The French had control for a long time and then France still didn't give control to the Vietnamese and then Vietnam defeated them
Ho Chi Minh
- We wanted to be a peoples leader
- Dressed poor to fit in
- Communist leader of the north
- Was very wealthy
North Vietnamese
- Wanted to unite with communism
Geneva Conference 1954
- The country was split in two
- Set up elections to unify the country
- Elections were never held to unify the country'
Who Fought??
- South Vietnamese and the USA vs. North Vietnam and Vietcong
- It was hard for us to determine who the enemy was because the Vietcong was people who wanted communism and lived in the south and we never knew who they were
Escalation- Truman through Johnson
- Truman began involvement by sending money to help the French
- Eisenhower sent military advisors to give temporary support to Diem's government in the South
- President Kennedy continued sending advisors as well as special operation forces
- Johnson sent more and more combat forces
Diem vs the Buddhists
- He set himself on fire to send a message to us on why are we supporting Diem
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
- Several ships were supposedly attacked by North Vietnamese torpedoes in the Gulf of Tonkin
- After this congress gave President Johnson the power to send troops and wage war
Johnson
- "We are not about to send American Boys nine or ten thousand miles away from home to do what Asian boys ought to be doing for themselves"
- He said he didn't want to go to war but then he really did
Public
- Johnson said that with more troops we will win the war
- Tet Offensive- The public's faith was shattered. The enemy launched a huge major offensive on every major city in the south supposedly on the verge of collapse.
- We wanted them to do this. We demolished them in loss of life count. It was a victory militarily but the moral factor made it seem like we lost because the public thought they had been lied to which they had.
- Our government felt it was very hard to get out of Vietnam because they didn't want them to fall communist.
People against the war
- Tet Offensive
- Pentagon Papers
- Injuring/Killing innocent people
- Supporting a bad government in South
- The power of the press
Kent State Massacre
- A bunch of students were protesting the war
- They set a building on fire
- The national guard was sent
- Students were throwing stuff at them
- They thought they heard fire and killed 4 or 5 students
My Lai Massacure March 1968
- US soldiers killed 504 Vietnamese civilians
People get out of Serving
- Went to Canada or Sweden
- Went to College (Student Deferment)
- Got married
- Medically unfit for service
- Joined the National Guard or Peace Corps
- Claimed to be homesexual
- Being rich
Nixon and Vietnam
- Called for the "Vietnamization" of the war.
- "Peace with Honor"
- Gradually pull US troops out and train the ARVN to take our place in fighting the North.
- Expanded the war into Laos and Cambodia leading to college protests (Kent State)
- The Paris Peace Accords were later signed on January 27, 1973 which officially ended US involvement in the Vietnam conflict.
- The agreement did not last. The north invaded the south
- North Vietnam united both North and South
Group Test
7. What were the goals for the US during the Cold War?
8. What were some of the major events that took place during the Cold War?
-Berlin Blockade/airlift,
Cuban Missile Crisis,
Red Scare/McCarthyism,
Space Race,
Bay of Pigs,
Berlin Wall,
End of the Cold War
9. Why did the US go to war in Korea and Vietnam and what were outcome of those wars?
10. How did the Cold War come to an end?
11. Know these major major post-Cold War Events:
-JFK Assassination
-Watergate
-Iran Hostage Crisis
-Persian Gulf War(1991)
-9-11
-War in Afghanistan
-War in Iraq
-Civil Rights Issues(African Americans, Women)
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